| A | B |
|---|
| Bourgeoisie | Business owners |
| Bourgeoisie | Karl Marx thought these people took advantage of the working class in Capitalism. |
| Proletariat | What Karl Marx called the working class. Means "For the Earth" |
| Proletariat | Karl Marx believed that these people were taken advantage of by the Bourgeoisie. |
| Communism | Government that creates a classless society with workers in control, and no need for government or money. |
| Communism | Type of government that has never truly happened in history. |
| Mein Kampf | Hitler's book he wrote in prison. Outlines his ideas for restoring Germany and his hatred for Jews. |
| "My Struggle" | What "Mein Kampf" means: |
| Dictatorship | Total control in the hands of an all-powerful ruler. |
| Civil War, conflict, or threat from an agreed upon enemy. | Situations in which Dictatorships often arise: |
| Fascism | Type of government where the central government is very strong and places the nation and a race above individual rights and freedoms. |
| Gulags | The Siberian concentration camps where Stalin sent his "enemies" to do forced labor, die. |
| Bolsheviks | What Russians called members of the Russian Socialist Democratic Party. |
| Communist Party | What the Russian Socialist Democratic Party (the Bolsheviks) renamed the party after gaining control of Russia. |
| Appeasement | Policy of giving in to potential enemies to maintain peace. |
| Totalitarian | Type of government that does not tolerate different parties and controls all aspects of its citizens' lives. |
| Peasants | This group made up 80% of Russians before the revolution. |
| Middle Class | This social group lived in Russian cities, had decent jobs and education, but didn't like their lack of political power. |
| Industrial Workers | This group in Russia were poor, lived in cities, and had terrible working conditions. Lenin used them for his revolution most of all. |
| Czar Alexander II | Russian Czar who: modernized the military, got rid of Serfdom but didn't give land to former serfs, created regional assemblies but not a national one, and allowed free speech. |
| Czar Nicholas II | Russian Czar who allowed creation of the Duma, a national assembly, allowed political parties, then got rid of the Duma and spied on and arrested radicals. He tried to make peasants happy with free land. |
| The working class was angry with their working conditions and lack of rights. WWI was tough on the country. During the Feb. Revolution the Provisional Government didn't get Russia out of the War. Lenin made promises to the common people. | What factors allowed the Bolsheviks to take power? |
| Bread, Peace, Land | What Lenin promised Russian common people. |
| They were upset that they didn't get more land in the Treaty of Versailles. | What main factor led to totalitarian government in Italy? |
| They thought the Treaty of Versailles punished them too harshly for WWI, led to their economic problems. | What main factor led to totalitarian government in Germany? |
| They lost more than anyone in WWI, blamed their Czar, and the common people had very hard lives. | What main factor led to totalitarian government in the Soviet Union? |
| Vladimir Lenin | Russian leader who: ended involvement in WWI, got rid of the government assembly, took control of businesses and food production. Censored the press, created a secret police that areested and killed 300,000 "enemies" during the "Red Terror." |
| Joseph Stalin | Russian leader who: Had 5 year plans for improvement, built Russia's industry, forced peasants to collective farms, then took all food to cities. Enacted the "Great Purge" which sent 20 million Russian "enemies" to their deaths in the Gulags. |
| Benito Mussolini (Italy) | Leader who: Organized the Fascist party, organized mass rallies, got rid of elections and political parties, used propaganda bringing back the glories of Rome, and had a group called the Black Shirts who terrorized enemies. |
| Adolf Hitler (Germany) | Leader who led the Nazi Party, led mass rallies, used propaganda, got rid of Parliament, restricted civil rights, had his "Brownshirts" terrorize enemies, had private army, promised to undo humiliation of Treaty of Versailles. |
| Celebrates one leader, shows strength of the people, glorifies war and military, patriotic and nationalistic, shows a Utopian ideal future. | 5 elements of Totalitarian art and Propaganda: |
| The Romanoffs | Family that controlled the Russian Empire in the 1800's. |
| Rasputin | He was a Russian mystic who had great power over the Russian Czar's family, eventually discrediting their rule. |
