| A | B |
|---|
| animalia | kingdom that consists of multicellular eukaryotic that ingest other organisms |
| Archaea | kingdom that consists of multicellular eukaryotic that ingest other organisms |
| Bacteria | One of two prokaryotic domains, the other being Archaea. |
| bioinformatics | Using computing power, software, and mathematical models to process and integrate biological information |
| biology | scientific study of life |
| biosphere | entire portion of Earth inhabited by life |
| cell | Life’s fundamental unit of structure and function |
| community | All the organisms that inhabit a particular area |
| controlled experiment | experiment in which an experimental group is compared to a control group that varies only in the factor being tested |
| data | Recorded observations |
| deductive reasoning | logic in which specific results are predicted from a general premise |
| deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) | double-stranded, helical nucleic acid molecule capable of replicating and determining the inherited structure of a cell’s proteins |
| discovery science | process of scientific inquiry that focuses on describing nature |
| ecosystem | All the organisms in a given area as well as the abiotic factors with which they interact |
| emergent properties | properties that emerge with each step upward in the hierarchy of life, owing to the arrangement and interactions of parts |
| Eukarya | domain that includes all eukaryotic organisms |
| eukaryotic cell | A type of cell with a membrane-enclosed nucleus and membrane-enclosed organelles |
| Fungi | kingdom that includes organisms that absorb nutrients after decomposing organic material |
| gene | discrete unit of hereditary information consisting of a specific nucleotide sequence |
| genome | complete complement of an organism’s genes |
| hypothesis | tentative answer to a well-framed question |
| inductive reasoning | logic in which generalizations are based on a large number of specific observations |
| inquiry | search for information and explanation, often focused by specific questions |
| model | representation of a theory or process |
| molecule | Two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds |
| natural selection | Differential success in the reproduction resulting from the interaction of organisms with their environment |
| negative feedback | mechanism of homeostasis, whereby a change in a physiological variable that is being monitored triggers a response that counteracts the initial fluctuation |
| organ | specialized center of body function composed of several different types of tissues |
| organ system | group of organs that work together in performing vital body functions |
| organelle | bodies with specialized functions, suspended in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells |
| organism | individual living thing |
| plantae | kingdom that consists of multicellular eukaryotes that carry out photosynthesis |
| population | localized group of individuals that belong to the same biological species |
| positive feedback | control mechanism in which a change in some variable triggers mechanisms that amplify the change |
| prokaryotic cell | cell lacking a membrane-enclosed nucleus and membrane-enclosed organelles |
| reductionism | Reducing complex systems to simpler components that are more manageable to study |
| system | more complex organization formed from a combination of components |
| systems biology | studying biology that aims to model the dynamic behavior of whole biological systems |
| technology | application of scientific knowledge for a specific purpose |
| theory | explanation that is broad in scope, generates new hypotheses, and is supported by a large body of evidence |
| tissue | integrated group of cells with a common function, structure, or both |
