| A | B |
|---|
| Rhyme | the repetition of sounds at the ends of words |
| meter | the rhythmical pattern in a poem |
| speaker | the person or character who communicates the words of the poem |
| imagery | how poets create word pictues for readers using vivid language that appeals to the five senses and is used to enjance the meaning of a poem |
| metaphors | a type of figurative language that compares by describing one thing as if it were another |
| personification | assigns human qualities to non-human subjects |
| similes | uses the words like or as to compare two things |
| alliteration | the repetition of initial consonant sounds |
| repetition | the repeated use of a word or phrase |
| assonance | the repetition of vowel sounds in stressed syllables that do not rhyme |
| consonance | the repetition of consonant sounds in stressed syllables with different vowel sounds |
| onomatopoeia | the use of words that imitate sounds |
| rhythm | the pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables in spoken or written language |
| lines | how most poetry is arranged with groupings of words and may not necessarily be a complete sentence. A break may be used to emphasize a word or an idea or to create a pattern of rhythm or rhyme |
| stanzas | how lines could be grouped into logical sections of ideas, like paragraphs in an essay |
| meter | the pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables in a poem |
| rhyme scheme | the pattern of rhymes at the ends of liines. Each new rhyme is assigned a letter of the alphabet |
| end rhyme | the rhyme scheme based on the end rhyme of each line of poetry |
| internal rhyme | the rhyme scheme of a word based on the sounds from the middle of the word |
| rhyming couplets | when a two-line stanza has end rhyming words |
| lyric poetry | a highly musical verse that expresses the observations and feelings of a single speaker to create a single, unified impression |
| sonnets | a fourteen-line poem written in iambic pentameter, which employ one of several rhyme schemes and adhere to a tightly structured thematic organization |
| odes | a formal poem of honor or celebration that often has a regular meter and end rhyme, but the number and length of their lines and stanzas can vary |
| elegies | a formal poem reflecting on death or another serious theme. The structure, meter, and rhyme scheme can vary. |
| narrative poetry | a poem that tells a story and consists of characters and plot |
| epics | a long, narrative poem that is usually about heroic deeds and events that are significant to the culture of the poet and usually tells an intense and exciting story |
| ballads | a poem that tells a story, which are often used in songs because of their rhyme and is often a love story. |
| free verse poetry | poetry that is not written in a regular, rhythmical pattern or meter. The poet is free to write lines of any length or with any number of stresses or beats. |
| limericks | a humorous, rhyming, five-line poem with a specific meter and rhyme scheme. Most have three strong stresses in lines 1, 2, and 5 and two strong stresses in lines 3 and 4. Most follow the rhyme scheme aabba |
| concrete poem | one with a shape that suggests its subject. The poet arranges the letters, punctuation, and lines to create an image, or picture on the page. |
| haikus | a three-line Japanese verse form of poetry where the first and thrid lines have five syllables and the second line has seven syllables. Often is used to create imagels of a single, vivid picture and is usually about nature. |
