| A | B |
|---|
| eukaryote | cell with a nucleus |
| prokaryote | cell without a nucleus |
| all bacteria are these | prokaryotes |
| virus | consists of protein coat & genetic information |
| bacteria | have a cell wall |
| binary fission | bacteria reproducing by splitting into 2 daughter cells |
| conjugation | sexual reproduction of bacteria, where parts of a cell's genetic information is transferred to another cell |
| transformation | cells pick up bits and pieces of DNA from other bacteria |
| lytic cycle | reproductive method of viruses where cell is invaded by virus and eventually bursts with many new viruses |
| lysogenic cycle | reproductive method of viruses where the virus remains dormant for a period of time |
| retrovirus | a virus copies its RNA into DNA, which it then inserts into a host cell's chromosomes |
| a host cell | a virus can only reproduce within this |
| live in extreme environments | archaebacteria |
| eubacteria | known as modern bacteria |
| first bacteria that helped fill atmosphere with oxygen | cyanobacteria |
| cell walls contain peptidoglycan | eubacteria |
| round-shaped bacterial cells | Coccus |
| rod-shaped bacterial cells | Bacillus |
| spiral-shaped bacterial cells | Spirillum |
| is smaller than a bacterial cell | a virus |
| cilia | hair-like projections on the surface of some bacteria or other cells - help with motility of the actual cell or particles near the cell |
| flagella (flagellum is singular) | tail-like structures on the surface of some cells to assist with motility of the cell |
| microbiome | a collection of beneficial organisms in the gut of animals/humans which help to produce vitamins, neurotransmitters, digest food, and are a very significant part of the immune system. |
