| A | B |
|---|
| Stratigraphy | The branch of geology that studies rock layers and layering |
| Strata | Rock layers |
| Law of Superposition | In rock layers, the oldest layer always lies at the bottom and the youngest layer at the top |
| Law of Original Horizontality | Sediments are deposited in horizontal layers, in water, due to gravity |
| Law of Cross-Cutting | Any intrusion that cuts through an existing rock is always younger than the disturbed rock |
| Law of Unconformity | A significant gap of missing informatuion in rock layers due to erosion or non-deposition |
| Fold | A bend in rock layers due to stress or strain |
| Fault | A break or fracture in rock layers due to friction |
| Hanging Wall | The block of rock layers positioned over the fault plane |
| Foot Wall | The block of rock layers positioned under the fault plane |
