| A | B |
|---|
| species | a group of organisms that are closely related and can mate to produce offspring |
| Genus | the level of classification that comes after family and that contains similar species |
| Domain | in a taxonomic system, one of the three broad groups that all living things fall into |
| host | an organism from which a parasite takes food or shelter |
| binary fission | a form of asexual reproduction in single celled organisms by which one cell divides into two cells of the same size |
| gamete | a haploid reproductive cell that unites with another haploid reproductive cell to form a zygote |
| hyphae | a nonreproductive filament of a fungus |
| spore | a reproductive cell or multicellular structure that is resistant to stressful environmental conditions and that can develop into an adult without fusing with another cell |
| mycorrhiza | a symbiotic association or relationship between fungi and plant roots |
| algae | eukaryotic organisms that convert the sun's energy into food through photosynthesis but that do not have roots, stems, or leaves |
| lichen | a mass of fungal and algal cells that grow together in a symbiotic relationship and that are usually found on rocks and trees |
| producers | an organism that can make its own food by using energy from its surroundings |
| vascular system | a conducting system of tissues that transport water and other materials in plants or in animals |
| gymnosperm | a woody, vascular seed plant whose seeds are not enclosed by an ovary or fruit |
| photosynthesis | the process by which plants, algae, and some bacteria use sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water to make food |
| seed | a plant embryo that is enclosed in a protective coat |
| angiosperm | a flowering plant that produces seeds within a fruit |
| chlorophyll | a green pigment that captures light energy for photosynthesis |
| pollen | the tiny granules that contain the male gametophyte of seed plants |
| consumer | an organism that eats other organisms or organic matter |
| vertebrate | an animal that has a backbone |
| invertebrate | an animal that does not have a backbone |
| endoskeleton | an internal skeleton made of bone and cartilage |
| exoskeleton | a hard, external supporting structure |
| Eukarya | a domain made up of all eukaryotes |
| Characteristics of Eukarya | has a nucleus, has membrane bound organelles, many are multicellular organisms |
| Bacteria | a domain made up of prokaryotes |
| Characteristics of Bacteria | made up of prokaryotes, no cell nucleus, found in soil |
| How bacteria reproduces | reproduces by cell division |
| Archaea | domain that includes all organisms in Kindom Archaea |
| Characteristics of Archaea | made up of prokaryotes, genetically different from bacteria, able to live in harsh environments |
| How Archaea reproduces | reproduces by cell division |
| Virus | a microscopic particle that cannot replicate on its own |
| Characterisitcs of Viruses | causes diseases, not considered living, smaller than bacteria |
| How viruses replicate | they replicate inside a cell it infects |
| Characteristics of Protista | eukaryotic organisms, have one or many cells, they have membrane bound organelles, they have structures for movement |
| How protista reproduces | asexually through binary fission or fragmentation and sexual reproduction |
| Characteristics of Fungi | produces spores, absorbs nutrients from the environment, cannot make their own food |
| How fungi reproduce | asexual reproduction (fragmentation, budding, sporangium) sexual reproduction (hyphae from two individuals join together) |
| Characteristics of Plantae | make their own food through photosynthesis, have walls and vacuoles, multicellular Eukaryotes |
| How Plantae reproduces | plants make spores that are genetically identical to the parent plant. Spores can grow into new plants that are the gametophytes |
| Characteristics of Animalia | they move, consume food, maintain body temperature |
| How animalia reproduce | sexual reproductuion |
