| A | B |
| Objective exam | multiple choice, matching, or true/false items |
| essay or other constructed response | Open-ended response |
| portfolio | student-selected collection of learning products |
| performance or presentation | demonstration of discipline-specific skills, competencies, or creativity |
| technology based clicker feedback | interactive, electronic in-class response to lesson components as they are being presented |
| Technology based: initiator-contributor products | multiple author, user-created products |
| Real-word application | assignments that simulate instances of real-world use of content-area material |
| Think-aloud | Learner talks about his or her process in working through a task |