| A | B |
|---|
| Heredity | The passing of traits from parents to offspring |
| Trait | A characteristic that an organism can pass on to its offspring through its genes |
| Genetics | The scientific study of heredity |
| Gene | the set of information that controls a trait; a part of DNA on a chromosome that codes for a specific trait |
| Allele(s) | The different forms of a gene |
| Dominant allele | An allele whose trait always show up in the organism when the allele is present |
| Recessive allele | An allele that is masked (not shown) when a dominant allele is present |
| Probability | A number that describes how likely it is that an event will occur (happen) |
| Punnett square | A chart that shows all the possible combinations of alleles that can result from a genetic cross (combination) |
| Phenotype | An organism’s physical appearance, or visible traits |
| Genotype | An organism’s genetic makeup, or allele combinations |
| Homozygous | Having two identical (same) alleles for a trait |
| Heterozygous | Having two different alleles for a trait |
| Purebred | The offspring of many generations that have the same trait |
| Hybrid | Having two different alleles for a trait |
| Codominance | These alleles aren't dominant or recessive - both traits are shown in the offspring |
