| A | B |
|---|
| Food chain | Pathway which energy follows from producer to consumer |
| Producer | Organism that is capable of making energy |
| Consumer | Organism that relies on producers as an energy source |
| Predator | One that captures, kills, and consumes another |
| Prey | One that is captured, killed and consumed by another |
| Carrying capacity | Number of individuals of a species that an ecosystem can support |
| Ecosystem | All the biotic and abiotic parts of an environment |
| Ecology | Study of organisms and their environment |
| Biosphere | Area on and around earth where life exists |
| Community | All the populations in an area |
| Population | All the members of a species in an area |
| Species | Group of organisms capable of producing fertile offspring in the natural environment |
| Habitat | Physical area where an organism lives |
| Niche | The way of life of a species, the role the species plays in its ecosystem |
| Herbivore | Animals that get energy from only plants |
| Carnivore | Animals that get energy from only other animals |
| Omnivore | Animals that get energy from both plants and animals |
| consumer | animals that obtain energy from other organisms |
| producer | organisms that can make their own energy through photosynthesis or chemosynthesis |
| autotroph | another name for a plant or producer |
| heterotroph | another name for an animal or consumer |
| decomposer | organism that gets nutrients from dead plants/animals |
| scavenger | organism that gets nutrients from dead animals (vulture), also known as detrivores |
| mutualism | symbiotic relationship --both organisms benefit from their association |
| commensalism | symbiotic relationship --one organism benefits, the other is not affected |
| parasitism | symbiotic relationship --one organism benefits, the other is harmed |
| ecosystem | all of the organisms and the non-living environment found in a place |
| competition | two or more organisms want (and fight for) the same resource (like water) |
| abiotic factor | non living parts of the ecosystem |
| community | all biotic factors in a given area |
| population | number of specific species in a given area |
| biotic factor | all living organisms in an ecosystem |
| population density | number of a species in a specific area |
| producer | another term for autotroph |
| host | organism that is harmed in a parasitic relationship |
| symbiosis | close, long term relationship between two different types of organisms |
| primary consumer | also known as herbivore |
| secondary consumer | also known as carnivore |
| heterotroph | has to consume another organism to produce energy |
| habitat | organism's "address" |
| homozygous | alleles are identical |
| heterozygous | when the genotype includes both a dominant and a recessive allele |
| genotype | symbols used to represent the alleles of an organism |
| phenotype | written description of the trait we observe in an organism |
| dominant | a trait that masks another; represented by a capital letter |
| recessive | a trait that is only expressed in the homozygous form |
| allele | a varying form of a gene |
| Mendel | the father of genetics ( studied pea plants) |
| hybrid | another term for heterozygous where the alleles are different |
| heterozygous | Bb |
| heterozygous | one uppercase letter & one lowercase letter |
| Punnett square | used to predict probable outcomes of crosses |
| homozygous dominant | two capital letters |
| chromosomes | coils of DNA which contain genetic information |
| homozygous recessive | bb |
| homozygous recessive | two lowercase letters |
| chromosomes | genes are found on these structures |
| gene | a sequence of nucleotides in DNA that codes for a particular protein |
| alleles | different forms of the same gene (ex: T or t) |
| homozygous | containing two alleles that are the same (ex: tt or TT) |
| heterozygous | containing two alleles that are different (ex: Tt) |
| phenotype | the physical trait that an organism develops as a result of its genotype (ex: tall) |
| genotype of a female | XX |
| CONCLUSION | The hypothesis stated the type of water sealer would affect mass of wood blocks soaked in water. The data collected supports the hypothesis. |
| PROBLEM | Starts with “Does” or “Will”, contains IV and DV, and ends with “?” |
| PROCEDURE- | Written as numbered steps -Each step begins with a verb, “command” statements |
| CONCLUSION | -Restates hypothesis -States whether hypothesis is supported or not supported |
| PROBLEM | Will the type of water sealer affect mass of wood blocks soaked in water in grams? |
| HYPOTHESIS | If the type of sealer changes, then the amount of mass wood blocks will change. The blocks that have the sealer that contains carboxyl will gain the least amount of water. |
| RESULTS | The wood blocks with carboxyl applied gained an average of 26.32 grams. The wood bricks with acetyl acetate applied gained an average of 33.77 grams. |
| PROBLEM | Will ___________affect ______? |
| HYPOTHESIS | If ___________ decreases, then ________ will decrease. |
| PROCEDURE | 1. Get 30 wood blocks 24 cm x 6 cm. 2. Apply 25 mL of carboxyl sealer to 10 of the wood blocks. 3. Allow to dry for 24 hours. 4. ….continued |
| RESULTS | -Contains numbers. -Usually refers to statistical analysis like average, mean, median, or range. |
| INDEPENDENT VARIABLE | the part of the experiment, that the person doing the experiment changes or controls |
| DEPENDENT VARIABLE | part of the experiment being measured |
| DEPENDENT VARIABLE | mass of food chickens eat |
| INDEPENDENT VARIABLE | amount of sunlight |
| CONTROL GROUP | the non-experimental group |
| CONSTANTS | keeps all necessary parts of the experimental design the same so the only effect caused by IV |
| RETESTS/TRIALS | repetition of the experiment; should have a minimum of 10 for each group |
