| A | B |
|---|
| segment of DNA that codes for a specific polypeptide or protein | gene |
| nonfunctional strand of amino acids | polypeptide |
| large molecules composed of repeating smaller units | polymer |
| terms referring to matching strands of DNA | complementary |
| molecule which carries genetic code from nucleus to the ribosome | mRNA |
| complementary base to thymine | Adenine |
| complementary base to guanine | cytosine |
| the process of mRNA production | transcription |
| weak bonds between complementary DNA strands | hydrogen bonds |
| the pyrimidines include _______. | thymine and cytosine |
| RNA that contains anticodon matching a single amino acid | tRNA |
| a sequence of 3 bases on a DNA or mRNA molecule | codon |
| type of RNA that transports amino acids | tRNA |
| alignment of one DNA strand relative to the other | antiparallel |
| molecules composed of strands amino acids | proteins (could be polypeptide) |
| where transcription occurs | nucleus |
| anything that can cause mutations in DNA | mutagen |
| initial damage to DNA that could lead to a mutation | primary lesions |
| mutations that cause abrupt stoppage of translation | nonsense |
| the code-carrying sequences of DNA | exons |
| mutations which do not alter the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide are called __. | silent mutations |
| the outer protein coat of a virus | capsid |
| cells lacking a nucleus or other membrane-bound organelles | prokaryotic |
| refers to a grouping of bacteria in a strand like a pearl necklace | strepto |
| refers to a grouping of bacteria in a cluster like grapes | staph |
| elongated bacteria | bacilli |
| archae which thrive in salty environments | halophiles |
| organisms classified according to their color of photosynthetic pigment | algae |
| prefix or suffix meaning plant | phyto |
| most simple of animals | sponge |
| another name for kingdom bacteria | monera |
| term meaning "to cause cancer" | oncogenic |
| the transcribing of DNA from RNA | reverse transcription |
| viruses which carry out reverse transcription | retroviruses |
| compound from which cell walls of fungi are made | chitin |
| fungi are classified according to ___ | shape of reproductive structures |
| nonflowering, seed-producing plants | gymnosperms |
| virus that attacks bacteria | bacteriophage |
| the "body" of a fungus | mycelium |
| spherical bacteria | cocci |
| fungi which are only known to reproduce asexually | deuteromycetes |
| organisms that get nutrition by eating other organisms | heterotrophs |
| life cycle in which there is a haploid stage and a diploid stage | alternation of generations |
| flowers lacking any parts | incomplete |
| flowers lacking male or female parts | imperfect |
| the vascular tissues of plants | xylem and phloem |
| tissue which creates new growth in plants | cambium |
| the seed containing part of a flower | ovary |
| structure which will develop into a seed | ovule |
| organisms lacking a body cavity | acoelomates |
| the body cavity of an animal | coelom |
| organisms in which the mouth develops before the anus | protostome |
| the organization of sensory organs at the front of an animal | cephalization |
| club fungi | basidiomycetes |
| sac fungi | ascomycetes |
| fungi which reproduce via zygospores | zygomycetes |
| plant having only one set of chromosomes | gametophyte |
| reproductive structure of mosses containing egg | archegonia |
| plants having two "sexes" | dioecious |
| characteristics of monocots | parallel veins, narrow leaves, fibrous roots, petals in 3s |
| characteristics of dicots | weblike veins, broad leaves, taproot, petals in 4s or 5s |
| new tissues in plants arise from __. | meristem |
| the term "phyte" refers to __ | plants |
| the imperfect fungi belong to the phylum __. | deuteromycetes |
| group containing methanogens and halophiles | archae |
| the building blocks of DNA and RNA | nucleotides |
| the building blocks of proteins | amino acids |
| the first vertebrates to develop an amniotic egg were the | reptiles |
| placentas are characteristic of | mammals |
| which vertebrates have two chambered hearts? | agnatha, chondricthyes, osteoichthyes |
| a common opening for excretion and reproduction is known as a | cloaca |
| warm blooded vertebrates include the __. | birds and mammals |
| what was the big evolutionary advancement from agnatha to chondricthyes | a jaw |
| internal fertilization became standard in ___. | reptiles |
