| A | B |
|---|
| Fort Sumter | 1861. Located in Charleston, SC; location of first battle of Civil War, when Confederate forces opened fire on Union forces in this fort. |
| abolitionist | someone who fights to get rid of slavery |
| Popular Sovereignty | the belief that the authority of the government is created by the will of the people |
| secede | to withdraw from a larger institution/country |
| Missouri Compromise | Intended to keep the balance of 11 slave states and 11 free states; an act of Congress (1820) by which Missouri was admitted as a slave state, Maine as a free state, and slavery was prohibited in the Louisiana Territory except for Missouri |
| Fugitive Slave Act | A law passed as part of the Compromise of 1850, which provided southern slaveholders with legal weapons to capture slaves who had escaped to the free states. The law was highly unpopular in the North and helped to convert many previously indifferent northerners to antislavery. |
| Wilmot Proviso of 1848 | 1) a proposal by David Wilmot of PA that slavery be banned in all territory the US gained from the Mexican Cession; 2) failed to pass Senate; 3) Although this Proviso failed, it raised great concern in the South, where people thought it was an attack on slavery by the North. |
| Uncle Tom's Cabin | Published in 1852 by Harriet Beecher Stowe; a bestselling novel that exposed the evils of slavery |
| Kansas Nebraska Act of 1854 | 1) An act of Congress that determined that new states could use Popular Sovereignty to decide if it would be a slave state or free state; 2) This act "undid" the Missouri Compromise. |
| Bleeding Kansas | 1) Pro-slavery and anti-slavery voters flooded Kansas to cast votes for its determination as a slave state or free state; 2) Even though Kansas only had 3,000 voters, up to 8,000 were cast; 3) Violence emerged when a into widespread fighting. |
| John Brown | 1) An abolitionist who led seven men to Kansas where they murdered 5 pro-slavery men and boys; 2) In 1859, he led supporters to Harper's Ferry, Virginia, to steal ammunition with the intention of arming slaves; 3) He was captured, tried, and hanged. |
| Dred Scott | 1) A slave who had been owned by a doctor in Wyoming and Illinois; 2) He ended up settling in Missouri and sued for his freedom, arguing that his time in free states made him free. |
| Dred Scott Decision | 1857; Scott was his master's property and was not a citizen of the United States. The Court also declared that the Missouri Compromise, which prohibited slavery in certain areas, unconstitutionally deprived people of property — their slaves. |
| Harper's Ferry, Virginia | A US Armory and Arsenal that produced weapons. |
| Robert E. Lee | The Confederate general in the American Civil War |
| Election of 1860 | 1) Lincoln won 40% of the votes and enough electoral votes to win the election; 2) A sign of how fragmented our country had become over slavery; 3) a spark that led South Carolina to secede. |
| South Carolina Secedes | 1860. 1) The first state to secede from the Union, leading to the Confederate States of America |
| Events Following South Carolina's Secession | 1) Within 3 months, 7 states seceded; 2) The Confederacy was formed; 3) Mississippi, Alabama, Georgia, Florida, Louisiana, and Texas. Later, North Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, and Arkansas would join them. |
| Dates of Civil War | 1861-1865 |
| Charles Sumner | 1) Massachusetts Senator and Antislavery leader; 2) He denounced Butler, a Senator from South Carolina; 3) Butler's nephew beat Sumner with a cane in the Senate chamber, and Sumner never fully recovered. |
| Emancipation Proclamation | Issued by Lincoln in 1862. It freed the slaves in the areas where states were fighting the Union. Unfortunately, the Union had no power in those states yet. |
