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| brown vs board of education of topeka kansas 1954 | a landmark United States Supreme Court case in which the Court declared state laws establishing separate public schools for black and white students to be unconstitutional. |
| thurgood marshall | was an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States, serving from October 1967 until October 1991. 96th justice and its first African-American justice. |
| rosa parks | seamstress from Montgomery, Alabama, who, in 1955, refused to give up her seat on a Montgomery city bus to a white person, as she was legally required to do. |
| martin luther king jr | was an American civil rights activist and Baptist minister who first rose to prominence as leader of the Montgomery, Alabama, |
| little rock nine | a group of nine African American students enrolled in Little Rock Central High School in 1957,initially prevented from entering the racially segregated school |
| freedom riders | a person who challenged racial laws in the American South in the 1960s, originally by refusing to abide by the laws designating that seating in buses be segregated by race |
| james meredith | is a Civil Rights Movement figure, writer, political adviser and Air Force veteran. In 1962, he became the first African-American student admitted to the segregated University of Mississippi |
| civil rights act of 1964 | US labor law in the United States that outlaws discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin. |
| voting rights act of 1965 | eliminated various devices, such as literacy tests, that had traditionally been used to restrict voting by black people. |
| stokely carmichael | a civil rights activist and national chairman of the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) in 1966 and 1967. He is credited with popularizing the term "Black Power." |
| Students for a Democratic Society (S.D.S.) | a student activist movement in the United States that was one of the main representations of the New Left, dissolved in 1969 |
| National Organization for Women (N.O.W.) | a major feminist organization, prohibiting discrimination on the basis of gender. |
| equal rights amendment | a proposed amendment to the US Constitution stating that civil rights may not be denied on the basis of one's sex. |
| Roe v. Wade (1973) | Supreme Court case that held that the Constitution protected a woman's right to an abortion prior to the viability of the fetus |
| Cesar Chavez | an American labor leader and civil rights activist who, with Dolores Huerta, co-founded the National Farm Workers Association |
| American Indian Movement (AIM) | advocacy group in the United States, founded in July 1968,objective is to create "real economic independence for the Indians |
| Clear Air Act | federal law designed to control air pollution on a national level. |
| Clean Water Act | federal law that regulates the discharge of pollutants into the nation's surface waters, including lakes, rivers, streams, wetlands, and coastal areas. |
| Sputnik | the first satellite to be placed in orbit. |
| National Defense Education Act | federal legislation passed by Congress and signed into law by Pres. Dwight D. Eisenhower on September 2, 1958, that provided funding to improve American schools and to promote postsecondary education |
