| A | B |
| geography | The study of Earth, how it shapes people's lives, and how it is shaped in turn by people's activities |
| Physical region | An area with physical features of that set it apart from neighboring areas |
| climate | the pattern of weather in an area over a long period of time |
| culture | the way the people of a region live: their languages, beliefs, occupations, activities, and arts |
| values | beliefs that guide the way people live. the things that the people of a culture think are most important in life |
| customs | A way of living that people of the same culture practice regularly over time |
| sources | anything that provides information or evidence |
| primary source | a first-hand account of an event or an artifact created during the period of history being studied |
| secondary source | A record of the past, based on information from primary sources |
| archeologists | A person who studies the remains of past cultures |
| excavate | to dig or to scoop out Earth |
| genes | substances we are born with that pass human characteristics from parents to children |