| A | B |
|---|
| Fertile Crescent | a large arc of rich farmland extending from the Persian Gulf to the Mediterranean Sea |
| silt | a mix of rich soil and small rocks |
| irrigation | a way of supplying water to an area of land |
| canals | human-made waterways |
| surplus | more of something than is needed |
| division of labor | an arrangement in which people specialize in specific tasks |
| rural | having to do with the countryside |
| urban | having to do with the city |
| city-state | a political unit consisting of a city and the surrounding countryside |
| Sargon | the Akkadian king who defeated Sumer and built the world's first empire |
| empire | land with different territories and peoples under a single rule |
| polytheism | the worship of many gods |
| priests | people who performed religious ceremonies |
| social heirarchy | a division of society by rank or class |
