| A | B |
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| Scientific Method | A systematic process of observing, measuring, experimenting that formulates, tests and modifies hypotheses. |
| Theory | well-substantiated explanation of some aspect of the natural world, based on a body of facts that have been repeatedly confirmed through observation and experiment. |
| Law | a generalized rule to explain a body of observations in the form of a verbal or mathematical statement. |
| Hypothesis | a supposition or proposed explanation made on the basis of limited evidence as a starting point for further investigation. |
| Control Variable | the experimental element which is constant and unchanged throughout the course of the investigation. |
| Independent Variable | A variable (often denoted by x ) whose variation does not depend on that of another. |
| Dependent Variable | a variable (often denoted by y ) whose value depends on that of another. |
| Graduated Cylinder | A piece of laboratory equipment used to measure the volume of a liquid. It has a narrow cylindrical shape. Each marked line on the graduated cylinder represents the amount of liquid that has been measured. |
| Microscope | an optical instrument used for viewing very small objects |
| Thermometer | an instrument for measuring and indicating temperature |
| Metric Ruler | a strip of wood, metal, or other material having a straight edge and usually marked off in inches or centimeters, used for drawing lines, measuring, etc. |
| Beaker | a lipped cylindrical glass container for mixing, stirring and heating liquids/substances in a laboratory. |
