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| Prokaryote | a microscopic single-celled organism that has neither a distinct nucleus with a membrane nor other specialized organelles. |
| Eukaryote | an organism consisting of a cell or cells in which the genetic material is DNA in the form of chromosomes contained within a distinct nucleus. |
| Organelle | any of a number of organized or specialized structures within a living cell. |
| Cell Membrane | the semipermeable membrane surrounding the cytoplasm of a cell. |
| Nucleus | An organelle that functions as the “command center” and houses the DNA of cells. |
| Nucleolus | a round and granular organelle located inside the nucleus. It is composed of proteins, DNA, and RNA. |
| Lysosome | an organelle in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells containing degradative enzymes enclosed in a membrane. |
| Mitochondria | as the powerhouses of the cell, that that act like a digestive system which takes in nutrients, breaks them down, and creates energy rich molecules for the cell. |
| Golgi Body/Apparatus | organelle involved in secretion and intracellular transport. |
| Ribosome | Organelle that makes proteins |
| Endoplasmic Reticulum | An organelle that has ribosomes attached and is involved in protein and lipid synthesis. |
| Cytoplasm | The jelly-like substance found inside of a cell that acts as cushion and provides support for the organelles. |
| Cytoskeleton | a microscopic network of protein filaments and tubules in the cytoplasm of many living cells, giving them shape and coherence. |
| Vacuole | Organelle that serves as storage for the cell |
| Cell wall | Support structure for plant cells. |
| Chloroplasts | Organelle where photosynthesis takes place and contributes to the green color in a plant cell. |
| Homeostasis | the ability or tendency to maintain internal stability in an organism to compensate for environmental changes. |
| Diffusion | a physical process where molecules of a material move from an area of high concentration (where there are many molecules) to an area of low concentration (where there are fewer molecules) |
| Osmosis | the movement of water or other solvent through a plasma membrane from a region of low solute concentration to a region of high solute concentration |
| Active Transport | The movement of ions or molecules across a cell membrane in the direction opposite that of diffusion, from an area of lower concentration to one of higher concentration, requiring energy |
| Cell | the smallest unit of life that can replicate independently and are the "building blocks of life". |
| Tissue | A large mass of similar cells that make up a part of an organism and perform a specific function. |
| Organ | a part of the body that has a specific function. |
| Organ system | a group of organs that work together to perform one or more functions. |
