| A | B |
|---|
| carbon | 4 electrons in outer energy levels, atoms stable - contain 8 |
| carbon forms ______________ | 4 covalent bonds with other elements |
| carbon bonds to other carbon molecules___________ | straight chain, branched chain of rings |
| bonding property | variety of organic compounds |
| single bond | 2 atoms share a pair of electrons |
| double bond | represented by 2 parallel lines 0 share to pairs of e- |
| triple bonds | sharing of 3 pairs of e- |
| most organic compounds | functional groups that influence properties |
| functional group | structural building block that determines characteristics of compound |
| hydroxyl group | important to organisms |
| alcohol | organic compound with a hydroxyl group attached to one of its carbon atoms |
| ethanol | alcoholic beverages - causes liver and brain damage |
| methanol | causes blindness and death |
| some alcohols are _________________ | needed by organisms for life processes |
| example of glycerol: | assembles certain molecules |
| large carbon molecules | polymers, monamer, macromolecule |
| polymers | consist of repeated linked units |
| momaner | each unit is a polymer |
| macromolecule | large polymer |
| monamers link to _________________ | four polymers though a chemical reaction (condensation reaction) |
| condensation reaction | gives off H2O (example sucrose) |
| hydrolysis | breakdown of polymers into monamers (H2O is added to split apart the molecules) |
| energy currency | life processes need energy supply |
| adenosine triphosphate (ATP) | this is present in all living cells - energy source for metabolic processes |
| equation for ATP | ATP + P + energy |
