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| Limbic System | A group of forebrain structures that form a border around the brainstem and are involved in emotion, motivation, learning, and memory |
| Hippocampus | A curved forebrain structure that is part of the limbic system and is involved in learning and forming new memories |
| Thalamus | A forebrain structure that processes sensory information for all senses. except smell, and relays it to the cerebral cortex |
| Hypothalamus | A peanut-sized forebrain structure that is part of the limbic system and regulates behaviors related to survival, such as eating, drinking, and sexual activity |
| Amygdala | An almond-shaped forebrain structure that is part of the limbic system and is involved in emotion and memory |
| Split-Brain Operation | A surgical procedure that involves cutting the corpus callosum |
| Michael Gazzaniga | Expert in the field of split-brain research |
| Brainstem | A region of the brain made up of the hindbrain and the midbrain |
| Hindbrain | A region at the base of the brain that contains several structures that regulate basic life functions |
| Medulla | A hindbrain structure that controls vital life functions such as breathing and circulation |
| Pons | A hindbrain structure that connects the medulla to the two sides of the cerebellum; helps coordinate and integrate movements on each side of the body |
| Cerebellum | A large, two-sided hindbrain structure at the back of the brain responsible for muscle coordination and maintaining posture and equilibrium |
| Reticular Formation | A network of nerve fibers located in the center of the medulla that helps regulate attention, arousal, and sleep |
| Midbrain | The middle and smallest brain regions involved in processing auditory and visual sensory information |
| Forebrain | The largest and most complex brain region, which contains centers for complex behaviors and mental processes; also called the cerebrum |
| Cerebral Cortex | The wrinkled outer portion of the forebrain. which contains the most sophisticated brain centers |
| Cerebral Hemispheres | The nearly symmetrical left and right halves of the cerebral cortex |
| Corpus Callosum | A thick band of nerve fibers that connects the two cerebral hemispheres and acts as a communication link between them |
| Temporal Lobe | An area on each hemisphere of the cerebral cortex near the temples that is the primary receiving area for auditory information |
| Occipital Lobe | An area at the back of each cerebral hemisphere that is the primary receiving area for visual information |
| Parietal Lobe | An area on each hemisphere of the cerebral cortex located above the temporal love that processes somatic sensations |
| Frontal Lobe | The largest lobe of each cerebral hemisphere; processes voluntary muscle movements and is involved in thinking, planning, and emotional control |
| EEG | Electroencephalograph, produces a graphic record of the brain's electrical activity by using electrodes placed on the scalp |
| MRI | Magnetic Resonance Imaging, provides three-dimensional, highly detailed images of the brain using electrical signals generated by the brain in response to magnetic fields |
| PET Scan | Positron Emission Tomography, An imaging technique that provides color-coded images of the brain activity by measuring the amount of a radioactive compound, glucose, or oxygen used in different brain regions |
| fMRI | Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging, An imaging technique that uses magnetic fields to map brain activity by measuring changes in the brain's blood supply during different mental activities |
| CT Scan | Uses dye and computer imagery to get a view of damage & abnormalities. |
