| A | B |
|---|
| Alps | mountain range north of Italy |
| Appennines | mountain running down center of Italy |
| Mt. Vesuvius | volcano near Pompeii; erupted in 79 CE |
| Mt. Etna | volcano on Sicily |
| Ostia | port of Rome |
| Carthage | Phoenician city on north coast of Africa |
| Brundisium | city on coast of southeastern Italy; place from which to sail to Greece |
| Corsica and Sardinia | islands off the west coast of Italy |
| Sicily (Trinacria) | triangular island off the "toe" of Italy's "boot." Cyclopes live here. |
| Tiber | river flowing through Rome to Ostia |
| Rubicon | stream in northern Italy separating Gaul from Italy; crossed by Caesar where he said "alea iacta est" |
| Strait of Messina (Fretum Siculum) | strait between Sicily and Italy; Scylla and Charybdis live here |
| orbis terrarum | the world |
| Mare Nostrum | Mediterranean |
| Po (Padus) River | just south of the Alps; boundary between Italy and Gaul (France) |
| Magna Graecia | large settlement of Greeks in southern Italy (toe of the boot) |
| Oriens | east |
| Occidens (solis occasus) | west |
| Septentriones | north (the Big Dipper) |
| Meridies | south (the noon sun is slightly south) |
| alea iacta est | The die is cast--Caesar crossing the Rubicon River. |
| Appius Claudius Caecus | designed the Via Appia and the aqueduct |
| Via Appia | from Rome to Brundisium |
| Regina Viarum | Queen of Roads--Via Appia |
| milliarium aureum | golden milestone |
| mille passus | one mile=1000 paces=4851 feet |
| via salaria | road to the sea where salt was collected |
| hodometer | device to measure distance on roads |
