| A | B |
|---|
| Anaphase | the stage of cell division in which the chromosomes move away from one another to opposite poles of the cell. |
| Telophase | phase of cell division, between anaphase and interphase, in which the chromatids or chromosomes move to opposite ends of the cell and two nuclei are formed. |
| Metaphase | the second stage of cell division, between prophase and anaphase, during which the chromosomes become attached to the spindle fibers. |
| Prophase | the first stage of cell division, before metaphase, during which the chromosomes become x-shaped as paired chromatids and the nuclear membrane disappears. |
| Interphase | the phase of the cell cycle in which a typical cell spends most of its life. During this phase, the cell copies its DNA in preparation for mitosis but is not actively dividing. |
| spindle fibers | a protein structure that divides the genetic material in a cell. These act like little lassos pulling the material apart. |
| Cancer | disease in which certain cells divide uncontrollably. |
| cell cycle | the series of events that take place in a cell leading to its division and duplication of its DNA (DNA replication) to produce two daughter cells. |
| Replication | process by which a double-stranded DNA molecule is copied into two, identical DNA molecules. |
| Chromosome | Tiny thread-like often x-shaped structures inside the nucleus made from DNA and protein, this information acts like a recipe that tells cells how to function. |
| Cytokinesis | that part of the cell division process during which the cytoplasm of a single cell divides into two daughter cells. |
| cell wall plate | (in plant cells) a plate that develops at the midpoint between the two groups of chromosomes in a dividing cell forming the wall between the two new daughter cells. |
| Centromere | the region of a chromosome to which the microtubules of spindle fibers connect to during cell division. |
| Centriole | organelle near the nucleus in animal cells, occurring in pairs and involved in the development of spindle fibers in cell division. |
| Chromatin | the material of which the chromosomes of organisms other than bacteria (i.e., eukaryotes) are composed. It consists of protein, RNA, and DNA. This appears as a very fine wad of strands. |
| Chromatid | each of the two thread-like strands (one side of the chromosomes's X-shape) into which a chromosome divides longitudinally during cell division. |
| Nucleolus | organelle in nucleus that makes ribosomes. |
| Nuclues | The control center of the cell. This is were the chromosomes are located. |
| cytoplasm | jelly-like material inside the cell |
| mitochondria | powerhouse of the cell |
