| A | B |
|---|
| first formulation of Kant's categorical imperative | act only in such a way that you can have everyone act that way (without a logical contradiction) |
| second formulation of Kant's categorical imperative | don't use people as mere means to your ends; respect t hem in their humanity |
| Kant thought we have a duty above all to do the following | to carry out the categorical imperative |
| For Kant, we had this when our intentions were to carry out the categorical imperative | good will |
| For Kant, the following didn't matter at all; what mattered is the intention to carry out the categorical imperative | consequences |
| T or F, Kant thought you can never make an exception to the categorical imperative | True |
| If a person is considering stealing, the person thinks that "You may steal," when universally applied, would involve a logical contradiction since "stealing" and "property" would lose their meaning if everyone stole | This is an example of using the first formulation of the categorical imperative to determine an action to take |
| If a person is considering suicide, one does not because it would be disrespecting one's humanity and merely using oneself as a means to decrease pain | This is an example of using the second categorical imperative to determine an action to take |
| Yes or No: Would Kant allow killing one innocent person to save a million people? | No |
| Yes or No: Would Kant refuse to lie, even if it meant saving someone's life? | Yes |
| The prohibition against suicide runs against the first categorical imperative because if "You may commit suicide" were made universal | then everyone would be dead and the concept of "suicide" would be meaningless |
| Kant says sex outside of marriage goes against the first formulation of the categorical imperative | because if sex was not limited to the couple then the idea of "marriage" or being married no longer makes sense |
| Kant says sex outside of marriage goes against the second categorical imperative | because one would be merely using someone as a means to obtain pleasure rather than respecting them by committing to them for life |
| In Kant's business ethics one cannot put profits above people | because then one would be merely using people as a means to one's end |
| In Kant's business ethics, the needs of stakeholders in decision-making are taken into account | because that means the stakeholders are being respected |
| One disadvantage of Kantian ethics | the theory is inflexible. No exceptions are possible |
| One advantage of Kantian ethics | one uses reasoning to obtain rules and then absolutely sticks to them |
| An advantage of Kantian ethics over utlitarianism | the rights of a few are never sacrificed for the happiness of the majority |
