| A | B |
|---|
| adware | program that displays an online advertisement in banner or pop-up window on webpages |
| backdoor | program or set of instructions in program that allows users to bypass security controls when accessing program |
| botnet | group of compromised computers or devices connected to network that are used to attack other networks |
| CAPTCHA | program that displays an image containing series of distorted characters for user to enter to verify that user input is from human |
| cracker | person who accesses computer or network illegally with the intent of destroying data |
| crimeware | software used by cybercriminals |
| cybercrime | 0nline or Internet-based illegal acts such as distributing malicious software or committing identity theft |
| DoS attack | an assault whose purpose is to disrupt computer access to an Internet service such as the web or email |
| DDoS attack | type of DoS attack in which zombie army is used to attack computers or computer networks |
| email spoofing | spoofing that occurs when the sender's address or other components of an email header are altered so that it appears that the email message originated from different sender |
| face recognition system | biometric device that captures live face image and compares it with stored image to determine if the person is legitimate user |
| firewall | hardware and/or software that protects network's resources from intrusion by users on another network |
| hacker | any person who accesses computer or network illegally |
| malware | programs that act without user's knowledge and deliberately alter the operations of computers and mobile devices. Also called malicious software |
| password | private combination of characters associated with the user name that allows access to certain computer |
| payload | destructive event or prank virus was created to deliver |
| phishing | scam that tries to obtain financial or confidential information from Internet users |
| rootkit | program that hides in computer or mobile device and allows someone from remote location to take full control of the computer or device |
| script kiddie | cybercriminal who has the same intent as cracker but does not have the technical skills and knowledge |
| social engineering | scam in which perpetrators gain unauthorized access to or obtain confidential information by taking advantage of the trusting human nature of some victims and the naivety of others |
| spoofing | technique intruders use to make their network or Internet transmission appear legitimate to victim computer or network |
| spyware | program placed on computer or mobile device without the user's knowledge that secretly collects information about the user and then communicates the information it collects to some outside source while the user is online |
| Trojan horse | destructive program that hides within or looks like legitimate program |
| clickbait | scam in which an object that can be clicked on website |
| IP spoofing | spoofing that occurs when an intruder computer fools network into believing its IP address is associated with trusted source |
| iris recognition system | biometric device that uses iris recognition technology to read patterns in the iris of the eye |
| two-step verification | computer or mobile device uses two separate methods |
| virus | potentially damaging computer program that affects |
| worm | malware that resides in active memory and replicates itself over network to infect machines |
| zombie | compromised computer or device whose owner is unaware the computer or device is being controlled remotely by an outsider |
| catphishing | pretending to be someone else online by using false identities, particularly to pursue deceptive online romances, to gain money or to learn personal details |
| spear phishing | email-spoofing attack that sends messages from known or trusted sender to specific organization or individual |
| web filtering software | program like LightSpeed that restricts access to certain online materials/websites |
| cracker | name given to hackers who break into computers for criminal gain |
| smishing | phishing attack where mobile phone users receive text messages containing Web site hyperlink |
