| A | B |
|---|
| Glycoproteins | Sugar proteins |
| Glycocalyx | Fuzzy, sticky, sugar-rich area around glycoproteins. |
| Microvilli | Tiny fingerlike projections that greatly increase the cell's surface area for absorption so that the process occur more quickly. |
| Membrane Junctions | Specializations of the plasma membrane which vary structurally depending on their roles. |
| Tight Functions | Impermeable junctions that bind cells together into leak proof sheet that prevent substances from passing through the extracellular spce between cells. |
| Desmosomes | Anchoring junctions that prevent cells subjected to mechanical stress from being pulled apart. |
| Gap Junctions | Function mainly to allow communication, commonly seen in heart and embryonic cells. |
| Connexons | Hollow cyclinders composed of proteins that span the entire width of the abbuting membranes. |
| Cytosol | Semitransparent fluid that suspends the other 2 elements, the organelles and inclusions. |
| Organelles | The metabolic machinery of the cell specialized to carry out a specific function of the cell. |
| Inclusions | Chemical substances that may or may not be present, depending upon the specific cell type, most being stored nutrients or cell products. |
| Mitochondria | Rod-like cytoplasmic organelles responsible for ATP generation. |
| Molecules | Particle consisting of two or more atoms held together by chemical bonds. |
| Ribosomes | Cytoplasmic organelles at which proteins are synthesized. |
| Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum | Carry ribosomes, found especially abundant in cells that make and export protein products. |
| Endoplasmic Reticulum | System of fluid-filled cistern (canals) that coil and twist through the cytoplasm carrying substances, primarily proteins, from one part of the cell to another. |
| Transport Vesicles | Tiny membranous sac where protein is packed. |
| Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum | Plays no role in protein synthesis, no attached ribosomes, functions in lipid metabolism. |
| Golgi Apparatus | Appears as a stacked of flattened membranous sacs, associated with swarms of tiny vessels, whose major function is to modify and package proteins. |
| Secretory Vessels | Swollen ends of the Golgi apparatus, filled with protein, which pinch off and travel to the plasma membrane where it fused with it and then ruptures outside of the cell. |
| Cytoplasm | Cellular material outside the nucleus and inside the plasma/cell membrane. |
| Lysosomes | Membranous "bags" containing digestive enzymes. |
