| A | B |
|---|
| fatty acid | an organic compound that is contained in lipids, such as fats or oils |
| lysis | to break apart |
| hydrophilic | term for water loving molecule or region of molecule |
| hydrophobic | term for water fearing molecule or region of molecule |
| triglycerides | a lipid made of three fatty acid molecules and one glycerol moelcule |
| wax | a type of structural lipid consisting of a long fatty acid chain that is joined to a long alcohol chain |
| nucleic acids | an organic compound , either RNA or DNA, whose molecules are made up of one or two chains of nucleotides and carry genetic information |
| steroid | a type of lipid that consists of four carbon rings to which various functional groups are attached and that usually has a physiological action |
| lipid | a large nonpolar organic molecule, including fats and steroids; lipids store energy and make up cell membranes |
| phospholipid | a lipid that contains phosphorus and that is a structural component in cell membranes |
| dexoyribonucleic acid (DNA) | the material that contains the information that determines inherited characteristics |
| ribonucleic acid (RNA) | a natural polymer that is present in all living cells and that plays a role in protein synthesis |
| nucleotide | in a nucleic acid chain, a subunit that consists of a sugar, a phosphate, and a nitrogen base |
| glycogen | polysaccharide in animals that stores glucose as highly branched chains in the liver and muscle |
| starch | a polysaccharide in plants that stores glucose for quick energy |
| cellulose | a polysaccharide in plants that stores glucose for strength and rigidity |
| hydroxyl group | a polar functional group with the formula -OH |
| alcohol | an organic compound with a hydroxyl (-OH) group |
| double bond | a bond formed when two atoms share two pairs of electrons, represented by two parallel lines |
| triple bond | sharing of three pairs of electrons, represented by three parallel lines |
| phosphate group | a polar functional group witht he formula -PO4 |
| R group | the side chain in an amino acid that is the main difference between the 20 amino acids used to build proteins |
| carboxyl group | a polar functional group with the chemical formula - COOH |
| saturated | when all the carbon atoms in an organic compound are full with single bonds |
| unsaturated | when carbon atoms are not bonded to the maximum number of atoms in an organic compound and double bonds form within the carbon chain |
| di- | two |
| mono- | one |
| poly- | many |
| macro- | large |
| tri- | three |
| glyco- | sugar |
| hydro | water |
| amino acids | an organic molecule that contains a carboxyl and an amino group and that makes up proteins; a protein monomer |
| mer | a repeated unit |
