| A | B |
| Rio Bravo | Rio Grande, forms part of Mexico's border with the U.S. |
| peninsula | piece of land surrounded on three sides by water |
| Baja California | peninsula stretching from northern Mexico into the Pacific Ocean |
| Gulf of Mexico | body of water that forms Mexico's eastern border |
| Yucatan Peninsula | land separating the Gulf of Mexico from the Caribbean Sea |
| Sierra Madre | "mother range" made up of three mountain ranges in Mexico |
| silver | Mexico's most important mineral product |
| empire | a land with different territories and peoples under a single ruler |
| mesitzos | the Spanish name for people of mixed European and Indian ancestry |
| missions | church outposts |
| haciendas | huge expanses of farm or ranch land |