| A | B |
|---|
| seismic wave | earthquake waves |
| pressure | this increases as you go further down into the Earth, due to all of the layers squeezing inward |
| crust | thinnest, outermost layer that we stand on |
| basalt | the rock that oceanic crust is made up of |
| granite | the rock that continental crust is made up of |
| mantle | the largest layer that has convection currents churning in it |
| lithosphere | a solid layer composed of the crust and the our mantle |
| asthenosphere | the soft layer beneath the lithospere |
| outer core | the only liquid layer of the Earth |
| inner core | a solid sphere of iron and nickel |
| continental crust | the thickest and least dense of the two type of crust |
| oceanic crust | the thinnest and most dense of the two types of crust |
| convection | heat transfer in fluids |
| heat | this increases as you go further into the Earth, causing a temperature of over 9,000 degrees Celsius at the core |
| density | mass divided by volume, this measurement is involved in whether a substance or object will sink or float |
| liquid | the state of matter of the outer core |
| convection current | the rising and sinking of heated and cooled fluids, this occurs in the mantle and results in plate tectonics |
| igneous rock | rock that is "born of fire" |
| sedimentary rock | type of rock caused by the deposition, compaction and cementation of sediment |
| metamorphic rock | rock made from heat and pressure within the Earth |
| sediment | little pieces of broken rock and debris |
| weathering | the breaking down of rock be wind and water |
| erosion | the washing away of sediment by water or wind |
| deposition | the laying down of sediment by water or wind |
| compaction | the squishing of sediment by layers of sediment on top of it |
| cementation | the gluing together of compacted sediment |
| rock cycle | the recycling of rocks from one type to another |
