| A | B |
|---|
| phenotype | what the trait looks like |
| genotype | the genetic code for a trait |
| trait | factors or characteristics of an organism |
| heredity | the passing of traits from parents to their offspring |
| genetics | the study of Heredity |
| dominant | the trait that will be expressed in a hybrid |
| cross pollination | to take the pollen from one flower and put it on another |
| recessive | trait that skips a generation |
| hybrid | a cross between two different flowers with different traits |
| homozygous | GG |
| heterozygous | Gg |
| Gregor Mendel | austrian monk - father of modern genetics |
| genes | a section of DNA which controls a trait |
| alleles | a form of the gene that represents a specific form of a trait |
| DNA | deoxyribose nucleic acid |
| winter--white fox/ summer--brown fox | Temperature effect on gene expression |
| 23 pairs | 1n chromosomes in a human |
| 46 pairs | 2n chromosomes in a human |
| Nature vs Nurture | effect of the environment on genes |
| XX | female |
| XY | male |
| replication | DNA synthesis |
| crossing over | Exchange of DNA that occurs in Meiosis |
| adenine | thymine |
| guanosine | cytosine |
| uracil | RNA only |
| Punnett Square | used to determine the possible allele combinations |
| codominance | Human Blood Types |
| incomplete dominance | Red and White make Pink Flowers |
| sex-linked traits | Recessive Allele on the X chromosome |
| mutation | an error in DNA |
| multiple alleles | a single trait caused by several genes, ex. human eye color could be green, blue, brown, hazel, gray |
