| A | B |
|---|
| Bill of Attainder Clause Article 1&9 clause 3 | Congress cannot pass a law that singles out a person for punishment without trial. |
| Commerce Clause Article 1&8,clause 3 | Congress can regulate trade between nations, states, and among Indian tribes. |
| Due Process Clause 5th Amendment | National government must observe fair procedures when it denies a person life, liberty, or property. |
| Due Process Clause 14th Amendment | State government must observe fair procedures when they deny a person life, liberty, or property. |
| Elastic Clause Article 1&8,Clause 18 | Congress can exercise powers not specifically stated in the Constitution if those powers are "necessary and proper" for carrying out its expressed powers that are specifically stated. |
| Equal Protection Clause 14th Amendment | States cannot unreasonably discriminate against individuals. They must treat people "equally." |
| Establishment Clause 1st Amendment | Congress cannot establish an "official" religion. This, in effect, provides for separation of church and state. |
| Ex Post Facto Clause Article 1&9,Clause 3 | A person cannot be punished for something he/she did that was not a crime when committed. |
| Full Faith and Credit Clause Article 4&1 | requires states to accept civil proceedings from other states...Ex: A state must recognize as valid the birth certificate issued by another state. |
| Privileges & Immunities Clause Article 4&2,Clause 1 | A state cannot unreasonably discriminate against citizens of other states. |
