| A | B |
|---|
| a subunit of DNA that consists of a sugar, a phosphate, and a base | nucleotide |
| the organelle where proteins are synthesized by mRNA and tRNA | ribosome |
| material shaped like a double helix that determines inherited characteristics | DNA |
| a molecule that makes a mirror copy of sections of DNA and helps make protein | RNA |
| a string of nucleotides that give the cell information about how to make a specific trait | gene |
| genetic mutation in which a base is left out | deletion |
| the form of mutation where one base is replaced by another kind | substitution |
| genetic mutation in which a base is added | insertion |
| a change in DNA caused by random error or a mutagen | mutation |
| the material made of amino acids that causes most of the differences we see in organisms | proteins |
| a physical or chemical agent that can cause a mutation | mutagen |
| the stage at which a DNA molecule is split down the middle | replication |
| a type of RNA that delivers amino acids to make a protein | transfer RNA |
| in a cell nucleus, the structures that strands of DNA are bundled into | chromosomes |
| chemical parts that are transferred to the ribosome by transfer RNA and matched to messenger RNA | amino acids |
| ribonucleic acid that is a copy of DNA and moves through the ribosome | messenger RNA |
