| A | B |
|---|
| Which two theories does Elizabeth Anscombe reject? | utilitarianism and Kanti/Can ethics |
| Why does Anscombe reject utilitarianism and Kantian ethics | Because in her view they both require a lawgiver and a person cannot be a law unto themselves |
| Anscombe thinks that one should either accept a divine lawgiver or instead accept the following theory of ethics | virtue ethics |
| Anscombe thinks utilitarianism and Kantian duty ethics lack a sufficient sense of __________. | obligation |
| Anscombe thinks that virtue ethics motivates people because we all desire to carry out those actions which will | create happiness or fulfill us |
| To find out what actions best create human flourishing or happiness, Anscombe thinks we should learn more about | psychology--about things like emotions, motives, intentions, desires |
| first stage of Kohlberg's theory of moral development | a person does what is right in order to avoid getting punished for doing the wrong thing or to seek personal reward |
| second stage of Kohlberg's theory of moral development | a person does what is right to please others; relationships matter |
| third stage of Kohlberg's theory of moral development | at first a person aims for rule utilitarian goals but at the highest level, aims to carry out (Kant-like) principles according to dictates of conscience |
| Kohlberg maintained that ________attained a lower level of moral development than males | females |
| In ethics emphasizing justice, reasoning is dominant; with ethics of __________there is more of an emphasis on compassion | care |
| Annette Baier says that the ethics of care and ethics of justice should be in ____________ | harmony |
| ethics of care alone | can be wrong-headed without using rational principles |
| ethics of justice alone | can be wrong-headed when rational principles leave out elements of our humanity involving compassion |
| Kant's provides the respect principle (2nd formulation of the categorical imperative)... | but the ethics of care can assist in telling us how to respect since care involves compassion and sensitivity |
| A nurse can rationally know that he or she must respect a patient... | but the ethics of care through compassion allows her to smile, greet the patient warmly, use a pleasant tone of voice, etc. |
| Two people can both "care" about a suffering friend... | and have opposite opinions about whether assisted suicide is ethical---which shows that rational arguments in ethics are needed to determine what is right and what is wrong |
| "Caring" is more about feeling... | and thus one can't have arguments about "caring," as such; reason and logic determine what is the best method of "caring." |
| The rational way to treat a human being... | is also the caring way, and vice versa |
| To mistreat or not care about a human being by not being sensitive toward their needs | is also not rational because rationally we can determine that human beings deserve to be respected simply because they are human |
