| A | B |
| clans | an extended family |
| Shinto | the traditional religion of Japan |
| Prince Shotoku | worked to change people's minds about Buddhism |
| regent | a person who rules a country for someone who is unable to rule alone |
| court | a group of nobles who live near and serve or advise a ruler |
| Lady Murasaki Shikibu | One of the greatest writers in early Japanese history |
| Zen | a form of Buddhism that emphasizes meditation |
| daimyo | large landowners of feudal Japan |
| samurai | a trained professional warrior in feudal Japan |
| figurehead | a person who appears to rule even though real power rests with someone else |
| shogun | a general who ruled Japan in the emperor's name |