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Nervous System Key Terms

HS1

AB
brainstemmedulla oblongata, pons, and midbrain
diencephalonhypothalamus and thalamus
cerebellumunder occipital lobe of cerebrum
cerebrumlargest part of brain
corpus callosumconnects right and left cerebral hemispheres
cerebral cortexouter layer of cerebrum/consists of gray matter
fissuresdeep grooves in brain
longitudinal fissuredivides right and left hemispheres
basal ganglia/cerebral nucleiregions of gray matter in the inner part of cerebrum
frontal lobecontrol of conscious thought, muscles, motor speech
temporal lobecontrols hearing
parietal lobecontrols body sense perception/sensory speech
occipital lobecontrols vision
Broca's areaarea of frontal lobe involved with motor speech
Wernicke's areaarea of parietal lobe involved with sensory speech
cerebral palsydamage to motor control areas of cerebrum due to lack of oxygen during birth
dementiaprogressive loss of memory, attention span, personality, intellect
Alzheimer's diseasecauses dementia/possibly caused by old age, genetic predisposition
epilepsyrecurring seizures caused by electrical disturbance in brain
gray matterfound on outside of brain/inside of spinal cord
white matterfound on inside of brain/outside of spinal cord
paralysisloss of voluntary movement
meningestough, fluid-filled membrane covering CNS
dura materoutside layer of meninges
arachnoid matermiddle layer of meninges
pia materinner layer of meninges
Cerebral spinal fluid (CSF)fills arachnoid mater and ventricles
ventriclesspaces in brain, filled with CSF
choroid plexusnetwork of capillaries in ventricles, which produce CSF
hydrocephalusbuild-up of CSF in brain
lumbar puncturewithdrawal of CSF from meninges in lumbar region of spine
cranial nervesnerves that connect brain to head and neck
spinal nervesnerves extending from spinal cord to regions of body not served by cranial nerves
dermatomemapping of body surface to reveal connection between peripheral nerve and spinal nerve
autonomic nervous systemconsists of motor neurons that conduct impulses to heart, smooth muscle, and glands
sympathetic nervous systempart of ANS involved in emergency response
parasympathetic nervous systempart of ANS involved in ordinary "normal" response
adrenalinneurotransmitter produced by sympathetic postganglionic nerve
medulla oblongatapart of brainstem that influences heartbeat
ponspart of brainstem that influences respiration
hypothalamuscontrols homeostasis, secretes ADH
thalamusassociates sensation with emotion
cerebellumcontrols balance, coordination, posture
FissuresSulci; the depressions in the cerebrum
Peripheral Nervous SystemPNS


NC

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