| A | B |
|---|
| Patrons | someone who gives money to support a group’s cause. |
| Monarchs | kings and Queens |
| Renaissance | “rebirth” |
| Humanism | the study of classical works |
| Printing press | invention allowed information to travel faster |
| Scientific method | a four step process used during experiments. |
| Heliocentric theory | a theory that places the sun at the center of the universe. |
| Reformation | a movement during the renaissance to reform the Catholic Church. |
| Catholic Church | region based in Italy that is ruled by the pope. |
| Indulgences | to pay for one’s sins. |
| Pope | Leader of the Catholic Church |
| Spanish Armada | Spain’s greatest weapon |
| Protestants | a new religion created during the reformation (allowed divorce). |
| Conquistadors | Spanish explorers. |
| Columbian Exchange | the exchange/trade of plants and animals from old world to new world. |
| Treaty of Tordesillas | treaty between Spain and Portugal on who get the new world. |
| Medici Family | a powerful and greedy family that ruled Italy during the Renaissance |
| Leonardo da Vinci | an Italian painter and inventor. |
| Michelangelo | Italian painter that pated the ceiling of the Sistine chapel |
| Johannes Gutenberg | Invented the printing press |
| William Shakespeare | Known for his plays |
| Isaac Newton | This man discovered gravity |
| Martin Luther | started the reformation. |
| King Henry VIII | executed two of his wives so that he could re-marry. |
| Queen Elizabeth I | a powerful queen that defeated the Spanish Armada and put England ahead. |
| Christopher Columbus | Accidently discovered the new world. |
| Age of Enlightenment | Science and philosophy were popular during this time period. |
| constitutional monarchy | King and Queens that do not have power in their country. |
| divine right monarchy | King and Queens that have all the power in their country |
| democracy | People vote for their leaders |
| constitution | document in the U.S. that explains the people rights and protections. |
| Revolution | a complete change in the ways of thinking and living. |
| Parliament | a body of government that rules England. |
| English Civil War | a War between King Charles I and Parliament. |
| Glorious Revolution | a non-violent war against James II and William/Marry |
| American Revolution | War between the U.S. and England |
| French Revolution | War between the people and King Lewi |
| Reign of Terror | a time when people feared they would lose their heads to the Guillotine. |
