| A | B |
|---|
| Lincoln’s plan for Reconstruction | seen as too lenient on the South by the Radical Republicans |
| Reconstruction plans of both Lincoln and Johnson | required the ratification of the 13th Amendment by Southern states |
| Ku Klux Klan | formed to prevent former slaves from exercising civil rights |
| 1867 Reconstruction Act | divided the South into military districts |
| Force Acts | meant to limit the actions of the KKK |
| 13th Amendment | ended slavery in the United States |
| rights of freedmen in the South | impeded by the passage of the Black Codes |
| Dred Scott v. Sanford | overturned by the 14th Amendment |
| scalawags | Southern white Republicans |
| President Johnson's impeachment | resulted from his firing of Secretary of War Edwin Stanton |
| Wade-Davis Bill | required half of the residents of Southern states to swear loyalty to the U.S. |
| Whiskey Ring | scandal during the Grant administration involving diversion of tax revenues in a conspiracy among government agents, politicians, whiskey distillers, and distributors |
| Compromise of 1877 | a purported informal, unwritten deal that settled the intensely disputed 1876 U.S. presidential election. It resulted in the United States federal government pulling the last troops out of the South |
| construction of railroads | increased the settlement of the Great Plains |
| robber baron | derogatory term used to describe a powerful industrialist |
| 1894 Pullman strike | the federal government used federal troops to put down the strike |
| Transcontinental Railroad | completed when the Central Pacific and Union Pacific Railroads were joined at Promontory Point, Utah |
| monopoly | a market situation where there is only a single provider of a good or service |
| vertical integration | controlling all aspects of the production process from beginning to end |
| Horizontal integration | best illustrated by the elimination of competition that produce identical products |
| American Federation of Labor | restricted membership skilled laborers |
| Haymarket Square riot of 1886 | resulted in a drop in Knights of Labor union membership |
| Grange movement | helped farmers create cooperatives |
| Morrill Land-Grant Act of 1862 | assist states with establishing colleges |
| 1862 Homestead Act | land speculators often abused the act by swooping in to buy up land homesteaders were unable to maintain |
| Wabash v. Illinois | led to the passage of the Interstate Commerce Act |
| Wounded Knee | resulted when members of the Sioux nation refused to stop performing the Sun Dance |
| 1887 Dawes Severalty Act | meant to force Native Americans to adopt Western culture and farming practices |
| bonanza farm | A large, professionally managed farm owned by investors |
| Exodusters | African Americans that fled racial tensions in the South |
| Chief Joseph | chief of the Nez Perce who led his people in their efforts to reach Canada and avoid being put onto reservations |
| Ghost Dance | meant to restore the traditional way of life to Native Americans and repel white settlement |
| Frederick Jackson Turner | contended that Europeans had been transformed by the settlement of North America, a process that produced a distinct American mentality and culture far different from European precedents |
