| A | B |
|---|
| Cell Membrane | Semi-permeable membrane made of phospholipids that acts as a barrier between inside and outside of the cell. |
| Cytoplasm | The fluid, cytoskeleton, and organelles inside a cell. |
| Nucleus | Contains DNA and control's the cell's activity. |
| Nuclear Envelope | Double membrane that surrounds the nucleus and has pores to allow some molecules (like RNA) out of the nucleus. |
| Nucleolus | Dark, dense area inside nucleus that makes rRNA. |
| Mitochondria | Makes ATP (chemical energy). Folds inside are called cristae. They have their own DNA. |
| Ribosomes | Made of rRNA and proteins. This is where proteins are made. |
| Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (RER) | Protein highway of sorts (transports proteins made on ribosomes). RER are covered with ribosomes. |
| Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (SER) | Lacks ribosomes. Responsible for making steroids (hormones/cholesterol). |
| Golgi Apparatus | Flattened sacs responsible for packaging proteins before they leave the cell. They can add carbs, proteins, or fats like address label. |
| Lysosomes | Contain digestive enzymes to break stuff down. Like a garbage disposal. |
| Vesicles | Regulate water like in some single-celled organisms. Used for storage in other types of cells. Also, molecules are sometimes transported in them. |
| Cystoskeleton | Network of thin and tubular structures that give the cell its shape. |
| Microtubules | large, hollow, protein tubes that sometimes form cilia and/or flagella in addition to the cytoskeleton. |
| Microfilaments | thin protein threads in the cell cytoplasm. |
| Cilia | Made of microtubules, they are hair-like and are involved in movement (ex. paramecium or lining of the lung. |
| Flagella | Made of microtubules and are tail-like and involved in movement (ex. sperm tail). |
| Centrioles | Only in animal cells. Made of microtubules and help in cell division. |
| Cell Wall | Only in plant cells. Made of cellulose and has pores to let things in and out of plant. Helps keep shape. |
| Central Vacuole | Only in plant cells. Large, full of water, enzymes, wastes, etc. Shrinks and expands based on water content. |
| Cholorplast | Only in plant cells. Takes light energy and makes carbs from CO2 and water. Inside are thylakoids (flattened sacs) that contain the pigment chlorophyll (main molecule that absorbs light). |
