Java Games: Flashcards, matching, concentration, and word search.

Genetics and Heredity

AB
phenotypewhat the trait looks like
genotypethe genetic code for a trait; the alleles inherited
traitfactors or characteristics of an organism
hereditythe passing of traits from parents to their offspring
geneticsthe study of heredity
examples of inherited traitsexamples: eye color, hair color, tall or short, tongue roll, cleft chin
dominantthe trait that will be expressed in a hybrid
recessivethe trait that will be hidden in a hybrid
hybridan organism with different genes for the same trait, one from each parent
purebredan organism which has the same genes for a trait, one from each parent
homozygoushas the same genes or alleles for a trait
heterozygoushaving different genes or alleles for a trait
Gregor Mendelaustrian monk - father of modern genetics
pea plantsthe kind of plant Mendel used in his study of heredity
genesa section of DNA which controls a trait
allelesanother name for a gene
DNAdeoxyribose nucleic acid; what chromosomes are made out of.
chromosomefound in the nucleus of every cells, contains instructions for everything the cell does
23 pairsthe number of chromosomes humans have
the 23rd paircalled the sex chromosomes because determine whether you are male or female
XYletters that stand the male chromosomes
XXletters that stand for the female chromosomes
meiosisthe type of cell division that results in eggs and sperm
mitosisthe kind of cell division which all cells do to grow and repair
both parentsall body cells contain genetic instructions from ------ -------
the eggfemale gamete that contains half the number of chromosomes
spermmale gamete that contain one half the number of chromosomes
fertilized eggcontains the full number of chromosomes
Punnett Squarethe chart used to determine possible genotypes of offspring
codominance2 forms of the same gene are expressed at the same time WITHOUT BLENDING, ex.some cattle have white hair and red hair
incomplete dominanceblending of traits instead of dominance, ex. in flowers a red gene and a white gene result in a pink flower
sex-linked traitstraits that are caused by genes on the X chromosome, but not on the Y
mutationa change in the gene pattern
sex chromosomethe 23rd pair of chromosome in humans
carrierthe individual which carries the recessive gene for a trait
multiple allelesa single trait is caused by the action of 2 of several genes, ex. human eye color could be green, blue, brown, hazel, gray
test crossa cross done with a homozygous recessive organism with an organism of an unknown genotype to determine what the unknown genotype is.
acquired traita trait acquired during an organism's lifetime, not inherited.
pedigreea chart that shows the inheritance patter of the trait through a family


8th Grade Science Teacher
St. Louis School Hawaii
Honolulu, HI

This activity was created by a Quia Web subscriber.
Learn more about Quia
Create your own activities