| A | B |
|---|
| Disease | any deviation from normal functioning of the body; can affect any body part, organ or system; causes damage to health normal body cells |
| Communicable Disease | disease which can be passed from a contaminated person, animal, substance or surface to another person |
| Non-Communicable Disease | disease which cannot be passed from person to person, but are usually developed spontaneously or due to exposure to carcinogens or an unhealthy lifestyle |
| Symptom | subjective evidence of a disease |
| Sign | objective evidence of a disease |
| Subjective | based on or influenced by personal feelings |
| Objective | based on fact or observation; not based on or influenced by personal feelings |
| Asymptomatic Disease | disease without signs or symptoms |
| Acute Disease | disease which is short-term and usually marked by a sudden onset; examples include cold, flu, strep throat, pinkeye and appendicitis |
| Chronic Disease | disease which is long-term, usually lasts for life, and has signs and symptoms which recur frequently; examples include diabetes, epilepsy, Alzheimer’s and malaria |
| Terminal Disease | disease which cannot be cured and is likely fatal |
| Immune System | complex network of cells, tissues and organs acting as the body’s natural defense against disease; attempts to block antigens from entering the body and works to recognize, remember and destroy antigens which do enter the body |
| Antigens | toxins and foreign substances |
| Innate Immunity | involves barriers which keep harmful material from entering the body; includes skin, enzymes in skin oils, sweat and tears, cough and sneeze reflexes, mucus, ear wax and stomach acid |
| Acquired Immunity | develops with exposure to various antigens and works to protect the body against those specific antigens in the future |
| Immune Response | process which causes the development of acquired immunity; involves two types of white blood cells: phagocytes and lymphocytes |
| Lymphocyte | type of white blood cell which is vital to the immune response; classified as B type or T type |
| B Cell | type of lymphocyte which works to identify an antigen and produce antibodies against it |
| Antibody | protein produced by B cells which attach to a specific antigen to signal for the immune cells to destroy it |
| T Cell | type of lymphocyte which works to signal B cells and to destroy antigens directly |
