| A | B |
|---|
| hunger | the body's physical response to the need for food |
| appetite | the desire to eat based on the pleasure derived from eating |
| essential nutrients | six categories of substances from food that nourish the body: carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, minerals, and water |
| calorie | a unit of measurement for energy. 1 nutrition calorie=1 kilocalorie |
| carbohydrates | a class of nutrients containing starches, simple sugars, glycogen, and dietary fiber. |
| dietary fiber | a subclass of complex carbohydrates with a high ratio of plant material that is not absorbed by the body |
| complex carbohydrates | a subclass of carbohydrates that includes starches, dietary fiber, and glycogen |
| fats | a class of nutrients that supply more energy per gram than carbohydrates or proteins |
| saturated fats | fats that contain single bonds between carbon atoms and the maximum number of hydrogen atoms bonded to carbon |
| unsaturated fats | fats that contain one or more double bonds between carbon atoms and have less than the maximum number of hydrogen atoms bonded to carbon. |
| HDL | (high-density lipoproteins) compounds that remove cholesterol from the blood and transport it back to the liver |
| LDL | (low-density lipoproteins) compounds that carry cholesterol to cells for cell processes |
| cholesterol | a fatlike substance that is part of all animal cells and is needed for the production of some hormones and fat digestion |
| proteins | class of nutrients consisting of long chains of amino acids, which are basic components of body tissue and provide energy |
| complete protein | a protein that includes all nine essential amino acids. |
| incomplete protein | a protein that lacks one or more of the essential amino acids. |
| essential amino acids: | a group of nine amino acids that cannot be manufactured by the body and must be supplied by food. |
| vitamins | organic substances that assist in the chemical reactions that occur in the body. |
| minerals: | inorganic substances that are generally absorbed to form structural components of the body. |
| dehydration | a state in which the body has lost more water than has been taken in. |
