| A | B |
|---|
| Erikson | Psychosocial development |
| Identity vs. role confusion | Erikson- adolescence |
| Trust vs. mistrust | Infancy |
| Longitudinal study | Same people studied over time |
| Kohlberg | Moral development |
| Preconventional morality | avoid punishment |
| Conventional morality | Sense of what is right and wrong in society |
| Postconventional morality | What is moral and just |
| Piaget | Cognitive development |
| Conservation | properties of objects—such as mass, volume, and number—remain the same, despite changes in the form of the objects |
| Innate reflexes of infants | Rooting, smiling, stepping, etc. |
| Formal Operational stage | Abstract thinking |
| Concrete operational | Concrete thinking |
| Preconventional | Symbolic thinking develops |
| Sensorimotor | Object permanence develops |
| Critical period | sensitive period when certain events must happen for optimal development |
| Ainsworth | Focused on attachment theory of development |
| Temperament | Emotional reactivity- established in infancy |
| Fluid Intelligence | he capacity to think logically and solve problems in novel situations- begins to diminish quickly after age 40 |
| Crystallized intelligence | acquired knowledge- increases as we age |
| Social Clock | Ages when there are certain expectations of what you should be doing |
| free association and TAT | ways to uncover the unconscious |
| Ego | the reality principal, keeps the id in check |
| Repression | Freud's primary defense mechanism |
| Healthy personal growth | Humanistic theory of personality |
| Unconditional Positive Regard | Acceptance of others faults |
| Trait analysis | characteristic patterns of behavior or actions |
| Conscientiousness, Agreeableness, Neuroticism, Openness, Extroversion | Big 5 model of personality |
| Sternberg | 3 factors of intelligence: Practical, Analytic, Creative |
| Standard deviations IQ test | 68% within 1; 95% within 2 |
| Reliability of tests | Demonstrate with split-test, test-retest |
| Intellectual disability | IQ below 70 and maladaptive ability |
| Heritability of IQ scores | Extent attributable to genetic variation |
| Normal Average IQ | 100 |
| Validity | Extent to which a test measures what it is meant to measure |
| Aptitude tests | Measure your ability to do well (eg- SAT, GRE) |
| Dopamine | primary neurotransmitter affected by taking antipsychotics |
| Insight therapy | Looks at disordered feelings, beliefs, and actions |
| Electroconvulsive theory | May be used in severe depression treatment |
| Major depression and bipolar | Linked to heritability |
| Schizophrenia | distortions of thinking and perception |
| Depression | Psychological disorder receiving the most treatment |
| Antisocial personality disorder | Lack of remorse, history of crime |
| Systematic desensitization | Create a hierarchy to deal with fears |
| Compulsions;Obsessions | Actions: thoughts |
| Dissociative Fugue | Characterized by reversible amnesia for personal identity and often travel away |
| Cyclothymic disorder | A milder, more pervasive bi-polar mood disorder |
