| A | B |
|---|
| First Battle of Bull Run | 1861. Union attempt to capture Richmond, VA. Union General McDowell and 30,000 men left Washington into VA. Confederates waited at Manassas. Stonewall Jackson stood firm with others. Poorly trained Union troops returned to Washington. |
| Ironclads | Warships covered with protective iron plates. Union's Monitor and Confederacy's Merrimack fought to a draw in 1862. Confederates used ironclads against the Union's naval blockade. Important in Union's goal of getting control of Mississippi River. |
| George McLellan | Union General. He delayed in moving Union forces to capture Richmond, which allowed the Confederates to reinforce troops. Pushed back by Lee to Washington. This allowed Lee to advance. |
| McLellan's Luck | In 1862, he found a slip of paper indicating Lee's battle plan to divide the Confederate army into two parts. |
| Antietam Creek, near Sharpsburg, MD | 1862. McClellan's troops attacked the larger part of Lee's army here. 26,000 total casualties, the bloodiest day in the war. Lee pulled back to VA; McLellan did not pursue Lee, so it's considered a draw even though the North considers it a victory. |
| Eastern War, early years | Led by McLellan for the Union |
| Western War, early years | Led by Grant for the Union |
| Battle of Shiloh, TN: | April 6-7, 1862; This battle turned back a Confederate attempt to re-capture Middle Tennessee and contributed to Union Major General Ulysses S. Grant‘s reputation as a leader who would keep fighting even in adverse circumstances. |
| Antietam Consequence | enough of a win to permit President Abraham Lincoln to announce his Emancipation Proclamation at the end. |
| Battle of Fredericksburg, VA | : December 11-17, 1862 Confederate victory. Poor coordination of attacks by Union commanders, combined with strong Confederate defensive positions from the top of a hill, resulted in a lopsided slaughter of Union troops. |
| Battle of Chancellorsville, VA | 1863: This Confederate victory turned back the Union Army of the Potomac . Often considered the greatest Confederate victory. Gen. Thomas “Stonewall” Jackson was mortally wounded by his own men, who mistook him and his staff for Union cavalry. |
| Battle of Vicksburg, MS | 1863 This city on the Mississippi River had to be captured before Union ships could safely traverse the entire length of the Mississippi. This campaign lasted many months, leading to a battle in May 1863. The Union commander, Ulysses S. Grant, settled into siege warfare. |
| Battle of Gettysburg, PA | 1863 The largest battle ever fought on the North American continent. This battle marked the end of Robert E. Lee‘s second invasion of the North and was a turning point in the Civil War. |
| Appomattox Courthouse, VA | 1865 The last battle fought by Robert E. Lee‘s Army of Northern Virginia. After his attempt to break out of a closing trap failed, Lee met with Ulysses S. Grant to surrender his army. |
