| A | B |
|---|
| The Sick Role | Talcott Parsons formulated this concept describing the normative behavior a person typically adopts when feeling sick |
| Deviance | Act or behavior that violates the social norms within a given social system |
| Medicalization | Medicine as an institution of social control ,occurs when previously non-medical problems are defined & treated as medical problems |
| Medical view of illness | Deviance from a biological norm of health |
| Disease | Characterized as an adverse physical state, consisting of physiological dysfunction within an individual |
| Sickness | Characterized as a social state, signifying an impaired social ole for those who are ill |
| Sickness as deviance | Regarded as an undesirable circumstance for both the sick person and society |
| 1st category of the sick role | The sick person is exempt from "normal" social roles |
| 2nd category of the sick role | The sick person is not responsible for his or her condition |
| 3rd category of the sick role | The sick person should try to get well |
| 4th category of the sick role | The sick person should seek technically competent help and cooperate with the physician |
| Criticisms of the sick role | Relationship changes depending on setting: doctor's private office versus team-approach in hospitals, applies only to acute diseases which are generally temporary and overcome with a physician's help, preventive care requires different approach |
| Labeling theory | The concept that what is regarded as deviant behavior by one person or social group may not be so regarded by other persons or social groups |
| Functionalist theory | Theory that states that sickness is dysfunctional because it also threatens to interfere with the stability of the social system |
| Illegitimacy | Deviants are exempted from some normal obligations by virtue of their deviance, for which they are technically not responsible, but gain few if any privileges and take on handicaps such as stigma |
| Conditional legitimacy | Deviants are temporarily exempted from normal obligations and gain some extra privileged on the proviso that they seek help in order to rid themselves of their deviance |
| Unconditional legitimacy | Deviants are exempted permanently from normal obligations and are granted privileges in view of the hopeless nature of their deviance |
| Stigma | Attribute that is deeply discrediting , Subjected to discrimination , Can affect self-concept, health & health-care |
| Social Forces Driving Medicalization Today | Biotechnology/ biomedicine , Consumers (more diagnoses of ADHD then actual cases) , Managed care (healthcare |
| What has labeling theory failed to do? | It has failed to develop theory of illness behavior comparable to parson's model |
| What is Becker's position on deviance? | That deviance is created by social groups who makes rules or norms |
| What is the full meaning of acting like a physician? | It depends on the patient's conception of what a physician is in terms of the social role |
| What is the physician's role? | To return the sick person to his or her normal state of functioning. |
| Chronic patients | Patients that are faced with he impossibility of resuming normal roles and the are shown the necessity of adjusting their activities to a permanent health disorder |
| How is sickness viewed by sociologists? | As a form of deviance. |
