| A | B |
|---|
| Smallest unit that can carry on life processes | a cell |
| Term for something made of only 1 cell | unicellular |
| Term for something made of more than 1 cell | multicellular |
| The discovery of cells began with this invention | microscope |
| Scientist credited with discovering & naming the cell | Robert Hooke |
| 1st scientist to actually see living cells | Anton van Leeuwenhoek |
| Scientist that contributed to the cell theory by discovering that cells come from other cells | Rudolph Virchow |
| Scientist that contributed to the cell theory by discovering that all animals were made of cells | Theodor Schwann |
| Scientist that contributed to the cell theory by discovering that all plants were made of cells | Matthias Schleiden |
| The size of a cell is determined by the ratio between these two properties | surface area and volume |
| The term for a cell containing a nucleus and membrane bound organelles | eukaryote |
| The term for cells that lack a nucleus and membrane bound organelles | prokaryote |
| A cell component that performs a specific function in the cell | organelle |
| The jelly like material found inside the cell membrane | cytoplasm |
| Word that means "little organ" | organelle |
| Small round organelles that make proteins | ribosomes |
| The outer boundary of an animal cell | cell membrane |
| Organelle that is a membrane system of folded sacs & tunnels | endoplasmic reticulum |
| The two substances that the cell membrane is made of | protein & lipids |
| The constant movement of the cytoplasm of a cell | cytoplasmic streaming |
| Two substances that ribosomes are made of | protein & nucleic acids |
| 2 places in the cell where ribosomes are found | cytoplasm & on the rough E.R. |
| Structure that gives shape, flexibility & protection to the cell | cell membrane |
| Term for the cell membrane that allows only certain things to pass | selectively permeable |
| This organelle is the "factory" of the cell | golgi apparatus |
| Oval shaped organelle that are the respiration center of the cell | mitochondria |
| Small round organelles that contain digestive enzymes in the animal cell | lysosomes |
| 2 kinds of endoplasmic reticulum | rough & smooth |
| Another name for the cell membrane | plasma membrane |
| Name for the chemical energy that drives all cell reactions | ATP |
| Inner folded membrane of the mitochondria | cristae |
| The process that releases chemical energy from food | respiration |
| The "clean up crews" of the cell | lysosomes |
| The "powerhouse" of the cell | mitochondria |
| Short hair like extensions that occur in large numbers on the surface of some cells | cilia |
| 2 structures considered to be a part of the cytoskeleton | microtubules & microfilaments |
| Specialized microtubulues that aid in cell division | spindle fibers |
| A round structure, in the nucleus, that makes ribosomes | nucleolus |
| The control center of the cell | nucleus |
| 3 things that lysosomes digest to clean up the cell | food particles, bacteria, worn out cell parts |
| Long slender protein tubes that help support the cell | microtubules |
| The site where nucleic acids are made | nucleus |
| Whip like extensions of a cell that occur either singly or in pairs | flagella |
| Fine protein threads in a cell that play a role in cytoplasmic streaming & support the cell | microfilaments |
| Double membrane containing pores that surrounds the nucleus | nuclear envelope |
| Fine strands of DNA & protein found in the nucleoplasm | chromatin |
| Structures in the nucleus made up mostly of DNA | chromosomes |
| 3 organelles found in plant cells but not animal cells | cell wall, plastids, vacuole |
| Structure in plant cells formed after growth has stopped | secondary cell wall |
| Structures in plant cells that capture sunlight & convert it into chemical energy | plastids |
| The orange pigment in plants | carotene |
| The rigid covering that surrounds a plant cell | cell wall |
| What is the primary cell wall of plants made of? | cellulose |
| Plant organelle that is similar to a lysosome because it stores enzymes & waste | vacuole |
| Plastid that contains chlorophyll | chloroplast |
| Red pigment in plants | anthocyanin |
| Substance that makes some plants woody | lignin |
| Structure in the plant formed during cell growth | primary cell wall |
| Yellow pigment in plants | xanthophyll |
| Plastid that stores food as starches, proteins & lipids | leukoplast |
| Plastid that stores the pigments for the fall colors | chromoplasts |
| Green pigment in plants | chlorophyll |
| What 2 substances are the secondary cell wall of plants made of? | cellulose & lignin |
| An intracellular "glue" found betwee plant cells | middle lamella |
| Substance that the middle lamella of plants is made of | pectin |
| Another name for division of labor | cell specialization |
| Tissue system in plants that forms the outer layer of plants | dermal tissue system |
| Tissue system in plants that is the water transport system of plants | vascular tissue system |
| Group of similar that live together in groups but live independently of each other | colonial organism |
| Group of organs that work together to carry out a common function | organ system |
| Group of similar cells that carry out a common function | tissue |
| 3 organs of plants | roots, stems, leaves |
| Tissue system that makes up the roots & stems of a plant | ground tissue system |
| Prokaryotic organism | bacteria |
| Basic unit of structure & function in living things | cell |
| The genetic material of a cell | DNA |
| Cell structure that shortens, coils and forms a chromosome in the cell | chromatin |
| Organelle in a cell that has its own DNA | mitochondria |
| A dense protein rich substance contained with the nuclear envelope | nucleoplasm |
| The protein factory of the cell | ribosomes |
