| A | B |
| absolute value | the distance a number is from zero |
| additive inverse | the opposite of a number |
| bar notation | a way of showing the repeating part of a decimal value |
| convert | to change form but keep the same value, for example to change from a fraction to a decimal |
| denominator | the number on the bottom of a fraction |
| difference | the result of numbers that are subtracted |
| dividend | the number being divided |
| divisor | the number that will divide the dividend |
| equivalent | to have the same value |
| factor | a whole number that divides exactly into another number |
| greatest common factor | the biggest number that will divide two or more numbers exactly; commonly used when simplifying fractions |
| improper fraction | a fraction whose value is larger than one whole; the numerator is greater than the denominator |
| integers | whole numbers, their opposites, and zero |
| least common multiple | the smallest number that is a multiple of two or more numbers; commonly used when adding or subtracting fractions |
| mixed number | a number written with a whole number and a fraction |
| numerator | the number on the top of a fraction |
| opposite | a number with the same numeral but different sign; they are the same distance from zero on the number line |
| product | the result of numbers that are multiplied |
| quotient | the result of a division problem |
| rational number | a number that can be written as a fraction, repeating or terminating decimal, or an integer |
| reciprocal | the multiplicative inverse of a number |
| repeating decimal | a decimal number that has a repeating digit or pattern of repeating digits |
| sum (total) | the result of numbers that are added |
| terminating decimal | a decimal with a finite number of digits; it comes to an end and does not go on forever |
| whole number | positive numbers without fractions for decimals |
| zero pair | a pair of numbers who have the same numeral but different signs; their sum is zero |