| A | B |
|---|
| Asia | Where voyages of discovery were seeking to go |
| luxury goods | What Europeans wanted to buy more directly from Asia |
| Christopher Columbus | discovered the Americas in 1492 |
| Spain | country that claimed much of central and south America plus parts of southwest (US) and Florida |
| New York | where the Dutch first settled in North America |
| Northwest Passage | What France and England was hoping to find through Canada to Asia |
| Henry VIII | King of England who changed to religion of the country from Catholicism to Protestantism |
| Mary I | Queen of England (daughter of Henry VIII) who turned the country from Protestant to Catholic. Many people died in the process. |
| Elizabeth I | Queen who turned the country back to Protestantism and granted the first charter to colonize the new world |
| Sir Walter Raleigh | Man who received the charter to set up Roanoke Colony |
| Roanoke | the first colony created by the English in North America |
| 3rd | colonists to Roanoke where the ___ # of groups of people to come to Roanoke |
| Sir Francis Drake | much of the 2nd group of military and scientists left with this Captain |
| Croatoan | word left in Roanoke |
| vanished | people of Roanoke _____ |
| Jamestown | 2nd colony established by the English in the Americas |
| King James I | Jamestown named after this ruler |
| Captain John Smith | leader of Jamestown who helped colonists survive their first winter |
| Powhatan | leader of the Native people around Jamestown |
| Algonquians | the Native people around Jamestown |
| Pocahontas | Native princess kidnapped by Jamestown |
| Starving Time | Winter of 1609-1610 when many in Jamestown died |
| Plymouth | Religious settlers came here and established a colony |
| Mayflower Compact | Agreement those who founded Plymouth colony about government in their new colony |
| Squanto | Native who helped the Plymouth colonists |
| Massachusetts Bay Colony | Absorbed the Plymouth colony |
| Quakers | founded religious tolerance in Pennsylvania and Rhode Island |
| William Penn | founded Pennsylvania |
| New Netherlands | conquered by British who then turned it into New York |
| Triangular Trade | trade between Americas, Europe, and Africa |
| Gun Slave Cycle | manufactured goods traded from Europe to Africa for raw goods and slaves |
| Tobacco | crop started to be grown in Virginia that became a cash crop |
| indentured servants | poor who could not pay for their voyage to the Americas. They had to work for those who paid for their voyages (5-7 years of service) |
| royal governors | as colonies became royal the crown appointed these people to govern the colonies in the name of the crown |
| smuggling | illegally importing goods |
| pirates | illegally seized goods and sold |
| privateers | professional pirates who worked for states and attacked other countries |
| English Civil War | conflict in England in the 1640's between Parliament and the King. Eventually King James I was executed!!! |
| Great Restoration | 1660 when King Charles II (son of James I) was asked to become the monarch of England again |
| Glorious Revolution | 1688-89 the Catholic James II was kick off the throne in favor of his Protestant daughter and her husband, William and Mary |
| constitutional monarchy | limited power of the monarchy. This was agreed to in the Glorious Revolution |
| Conflict between France and Britain over lands in the midwest in 1754-1763 | French and Indian War |
| global conflict between France and Britain from 1754-1763 | Seven Years War |
| After the 7 Years war Britain gained what lands | midwest -east of the mississippi river |
| Proclamation Line 1763 | Kept colonists from moving further west after the 7 Years' War |
| Sugar Act | Tax on sugar- 1764 |
| Stamp Act | 1765 tax on paper goods including trading cards |
| sons of liberty | organization formed to resist colonial regulation-protested and boycotted |
| Townshend Act | 1767 tax on many imported goods from glass to tea |
| British East India company | granted special privilege by British government. They didn't have to pay colonial tax duties. Made their tea cheaper |
| Quatering Act | forced colonists to take in soldiers-unpopular |
| Boston Massacre | 1770- 5 colonists killed after harassing British custom officials. Became propaganda to Patriot effort. |
| Boston Tea Party | 1773 - sons of liberty -boarded a British East India Company ship and dumped 46 tons of tea overboard |
| Intolerable Acts | 1774- acts aimed at punishing people around Boston following the Boston Tea Party |
| Lexington and Concord | April 1775-first battles of the American Revolution in 1775 |
| Declaration of Rights and Grievances | 1st Continental Congress gave this to Great Britain in the hopes of avoiding conficts |
| Battle of Bunker Hill | 1775 (May) -British won but at large cost to them. Many died. |
| France | helped the colonists during the American Revolution due to their hatred of Britain |
| Olive Branch Petition | July 1775-attempted peace with England, but King George III rejected it |
| Declaration of Independence | Formal statement of the independence of the colonies from Great Britain with reasons explain why |
| Battle of Saratoga | 1777 battle that was the turning point in the American Revolution. First time colonists defeated and entire British army! |
| Battle of Yorktown | 1781-last major battle of the American Revolution-British surrender |
| Peace of Paris 1783 | treaty that ended the American Revolution |
| Articles of Confederation | 1781-formed the early government of the United States of America |
