| A | B |
|---|
| anabolic steroids | synthetic compounds related to testosterone used to promote muscle growth |
| analgesic | substance that lessens or eliminates pain |
| chromatography | process used to separate and tentatively identify components of a mixture |
| confirmation | single test that identifies a substance |
| depressant | substance that slows down or depresses the functions of the central nervous system |
| hallucinogen | substance that induces changes in normal thought processes, perceptions, and moods |
| infrared spectrophotometry | produces specific "fingerprint" for substance using absorption of infrared frequencies of light |
| ion | atom or molecule bearing a charge |
| microcrystalline test | reagents form specific shaped crystals that are visible under a microscopewith particular substance |
| monochromatic light | consists of a single wavelength of light |
| monochromator | device in spectrophotometer that selects a single wavelength of light from the light source |
| narcotic | drug that induces sleep, depresses body functions and relieves pain |
| physical dependence | physiological need brought on by regular use of a drug and characterized by withdrawal sickness |
| psychological dependence | conditioned use of a drug caused by underlying emotional needs |
| screening test | preliminary test used to reduce the number of possible identities of an unknown substance |
| spectrophotometry | identifies substances based on their absorption of different wavelengths of light |
| stimulant | substance that speeds up or stimulates the central nervous system |
| ultraviolet/visible spectrophotometry | identifies substances by their absorption of light wavelenght in the visible and ultraviolent range |
| opiates | drugs derived from the juice exuded by the unripe pod of the Asian poppy |
| methadone | synthetic opiate used to eliminate addict's desire for heroine |
| oxycodone | synthetic narcotic and main ingredient in Oxycontin a prescription pain killer |
| codeine | narcotic commonly found in prescription cough suppressants |
| drug | substance that produces physiological or psychological effects in humans or animals |
| marijuana | hemp plant that contains a sticky resin that produces psychoactive effects when consumed |
| tetrahydracannabinol | THC the active ingredient found in marijuana |
| hashish | derivative from marijuana plant with highest concentration of THC |
| lysergic acid diethylamide | LSD synthetic hallucinogen derived from ergot a wheat fungus |
| phencyclidine | PCP easily synthesized hallucinogen most often produced by clandestine "home" labs |
| ethanol | ethyl alcohol most widely abused legal drug is an example of a depressant |
| barbiturates | depressants first derived from barbituric acid by German chemist. A. von Bayer |
| antianxiety drugs | depressants that calm without impairing thinking or inducing sleep |
| huffing | sniffing materials containing volatile substances that are CNS depressants |
| amphetamines | synthetic stimulants taken orally or intravenously aka uppers or speed |
| ice | crystallized smokable form of the stimulant methamphetamine |
| cocaine | stimulant extracted from the leaves of Erthroxylon coca grown in Andes mountains and Asia |
| crack | crystallized smokable form of the stimulant cocaine |
| club drugs | synthetic drugs often used socially in night clubs, bars and raves |
| Ecstasy | MDMA club drug that exhibits hallucinogenic and amphetamine-like effects |
| Rohypnol | "roofies" muscle relaxant used in drug facilitated sexual assaults, rapes and robberies |
| Controlled Substances Act | federal law enacted to prevent and control drug abuse by establishing categories based on potential for abuse and dependency |
| Schedule I Drugs | high abuse potential, no medical use, high dependency potential (heroine, marijuana, LSD) |
| Schedule II Drugs | high abuse potential, severely restricted medical use, high dependency potential (cocaine, methadone, CPC) |
| Schedule III Drugs | moderate abuse potential, accepted medical use, moderate to low dependency potential (some barbiturates, codeine, anabolic steroids) |
| Schedule IV Drugs | low abuse potential, accepted medical use, limited dependency potential (Darvon. Valium, Librium, phenobarbitol) |
| Schedule V Drugs | low abuse potential, accepted medical use, lowest dependency potential |
| qualitative determination | identifies a substance only in terms of its identity |
| quantitative determination | identifies a substance both in terms of its identity and the percentage ic composes of the unknown mixture |
| color tests | screening tests containing a reagent that changes color in the presence of a particular group of substances |
| Marquis Test | turns purple with narcotics, orange-brown with amphetamine based stimulants |
| Dillie-Koppanyi Test | turns violet-blue with barbiturates |
| Duquenois-Levine Test | turns purple with marijuana |
| Van Urk Test | turns blue-purple with LSD |
| Scott Test | turns blue with cocaine, then pink when HCl added, then purple when chloroform added |
| thin layer chromatography | uses a solid stationary phase and a liquid moving phase to separate mixtures |
| Rf value | distance traveld by component divided by distance traveled by liquid moving phase |
| gas chromatography | uses a liquid stationary phase and a gaseous moving phase to separate mixtures |
| ultraviolet | invisible frequencies of light with wavelengths longer than visible spectrum |
| infrared | invisible frequencies of light with wavelengths shorter than visible spectrum |
