| A | B |
|---|
| alpha ray | radiation composed of helium atoms minus their orbiting electrons |
| atomic mass | sum of the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom |
| atomic number | number of protons in the nucleus of an atom |
| beta ray | radiation composed of electrons |
| continuous spectrum | type of emission spectrum showing a continuous band of colors all blending into one another |
| density-gradient tube | glass tube filled from bottom to top with liquids of successively lighter densities; used to determine the density distribution of soil |
| electron | negatively charged particle that is one of the fundamental structural units of the atom |
| electron orbital | path of electrons as they move around the nuclei of atoms each orbital is associated with a particular electronic energy level |
| emission spectrum | light emitted from a source and separated into its component colors or frequencies |
| excited state | state in which an atom absorbs energy and an electron moves from a lower to a higher energy level |
| gamma ray | high-energy form of electromagnetic radiation |
| isotope | atom differing from another atom of the same element in the number of neutrons in its nucleus |
| line spectrum | type of emission spectrum showing a series of lines separated by black area |
| mineral | naturally occurring crystalline solid |
| neutron | particle with no electrical charge that is one of the basic structures in the nucleus of an atom |
| nucleus | core of an atom consisting of protons and neutrons |
| proton | positively charged particle that is one of the basic structures in the nucleus of an atom |
| pyrolysis | decomposition of organic matter by heat |
| radioactivity | emission of high-energy subatomic particles that accompanies the spontaneous disintegration of unstable nuclei |
| neutron activation analysis | method of characterizing trace elements through gamma ray release when bombarded by neutrons |
| electrocoat primer | first layer of automotive paint prevents corrosion |
| primer surfacer | second layer of automotive paint epoxy coat used to smooth out seams |
| basecoat | third layer of automotive paint give eye appeal and resists UV radiation weather and acid rain |
| clearcoat | final layer of automotive paint that improves gloss durability and appearance |
| binder | polymer that holds pigment of paint |
| pigment | provides color and opacity to paint |
| pyrogram | chromatogram produced from GC of vaporized paint |
