| A | B |
|---|
| government | a political system for exercising authority |
| democracy | a government controlled by its citizens, either directly or through representatives |
| aristocracy | a government in which power is in the hands of a ruling class or nobility |
| citizen | a native of a state or nation with certain rights and privileges |
| direct democracy | a government in which citizens rule directly and not with repesentatives |
| monarchy | a government in which power is in the hands of one person |
| natural laws | patterns and explanations of the world discovered through reason and logic |
| republic | a government in which citizens elect represtatives to govern them |
| senate | in ancient Rome, the supreme governing body, originally made up only of aristocrats |
| Pericles | leader of Athens in its Golden Age when democracy was the ideal and individuals were important |
| Aristotle | philosopher who studied governments and said no one government was best for all groups of people |
| Plato | philosopher who believed the wisest philosopher kings should rule |
| Socrates | philosopher who taught by asking questions |
| Athens | city-state that developed democracy in Greece |
| Rome | state that developed a republic on the Italian peninsula |
| Augustus | first Roman emperor who started the period of peace, the Pax Romana |
| Constantine | emperor who was the first to convert to Christianity in 4th century A.D. |
| Nero | Roman emperor who began persecuting Christians and blamed them for a fire that destroyed Rome |
