| A | B |
|---|
| atom | the basic unit of matter |
| isotope | different form of an atom |
| compound | a molecule comprised of 2 or more different atoms |
| ionic bond | a bond in which atoms gain or lose electrons, then 'stick' together due to charges |
| ion | a charged atom or molecule |
| covalent bond | a bond in which atoms 'share' electrons, forming a tight connection |
| molecule | a combination of 2 or more atoms |
| mixture | 2 or more compounds that are physically mixed but not chemically mixed |
| solution | 2 or more compounds that are chemically mixed |
| solvent | a substance into which other substances dissolve |
| solute | a substance that can be dissolved into another |
| suspension | mixture of water and undissolved particles |
| acid | a compound that forms hydrogen ions in solution |
| base | a compound that forms hydroxide ions in solution |
| buffer | a solution that prevents sudden changes in pH |
| monomer | a single unit |
| polymer | repeated units |
| carbohydrate | contains C, H, O in a 1:2:1 ratio |
| monosaccharide | a single carbohydrate |
| polysaccharide | chain of many carbohydrates |
| lipid | a long chain of carbon and hydrogen, usually grouped in three and attached to a glycerol molecule |
| nucleic acid | macromolecules that contain genetic information |
| nucleotide | a monomer of a nucleaic acid |
| ribonucleic acid | a nucleic acid containing ribose sugar |
| deoxyribonucleaic acid | a nucleic acid containing deoxyribose sugar |
| protein | a macromolecule comprised of amino acid chains |
| amino acid | the monomer of proteins |
| reactant | compounds that enter a chemical reaction |
| product | the results of a chemical reaction |
| catalyst | a substance that increases the speed of chemical reactions |
| enzyme | a protein that changes the speed of chemical reactions in cells |
| substrate | the chemical acted upon by an enzyme |
| cohesion | An attraction between molecules of the same substance. |
| adhesion | An attraction between molecules of different substances. |
| activation energy | energy required to start a chemical reaction |
