| A | B |
|---|
| Culture | shared ways of thinking, way of acting and the material objects that together form a peoples way of life |
| nonmaterial culture | the ideas created by members of society |
| material culture | physical things created by members of society |
| _______ and ______ are examples of material culture | armchair; zippers |
| _______and ______ are examples of nonmaterial culture | art, Zen |
| culture shock | personal disorientation when experiencing an unfamiliar way of life |
| Only humans rely on _____ rather than ______ to create a way of life and ensure survival | culture; instinct |
| multicultural | sharing different ways of life that blend |
| symbol | anything that carries a particular meaning recognized by people who share a culture; a word, a whistle flashing red light |
| language | a system of symbols that allows people to communicate with one another |
| cultural transmission | is a process by which one generation passes the culture to the next; language is the key to accomplishing this |
| Sapir-Whorf thesis | people see and understand the world through the cultural lens of language |
| Values | culturally defined standards that people use to decide what is good, beautiful and desirable and what is bad |
| beliefs | specific thoughts or ideas that people hold to be true |
| norms | rules and expectations by which a society guides the behaviors of its members |
| Mores | norms that are widely observed and have great moral significants; distinguish difference between right and wrong |
| folkways | normas for routine or casual interaction; distinguish difference between right and rude |
| social control | attempts by society to regulate people's behavior and thought |
| technology | knowledge that people use to make a way of life in their surroundings |
| Gerhard Lenski | importance of sociolocultural evolution |
| Sociocultural evolution | the historical changes in culture brought on by new technology |
| hunting gathering | using the simplest tools to hunt animal and gather vegetation for food |
| horticulture | use of hand tools to raise crops |
| pastoralism | domestication of animals |
| Agriculture | large scale cultivation using plows harnessed to animals or more powerful enregy sources |
| industry | the production of goods using advanced sources of energy to drive large machinery |
| post industrialism | production of information using computer technology |
| high culture | cultural patterns that distinguish societies elite (wealthy) |
| popular culture | cultrual patterns that are widespread among a societies population |
| subculture | cultural pattern that set apart some segment of societies' population; packer fans; wilderness campers, beach crowd |
| multiculturalism | is a perspective recognizing the cultural diversity of the US and promoting equal standing for all cultural traditions |
| eurocentrism | the dominance of European (especially English) cultural patterns |
| Afrocentrism | emphasizing and promoting African cultural patterns. |
| Counterculture | refers to cultural patterns that strongly oppose those widely accepted within a society; Example hippies favoring a cooperative lifestyle |
| cultural lag | some cultural elements will change faster than others |
