| A | B |
|---|
| socialization | lifelong sociual experience by which people develop their human potential and learn culture |
| personality | a persons fairly consistent pattern of acting, thinking, and feeling |
| John Watson | developed a theory call behaviroism, behavior is not instinctive but is learned;Devoloped behaviorism-rooted human behavior not in nature but in nurture. |
| sigmund freud | developed personality theory: Elements of personality ID-EGO-SuperEgo. Two types of basic needs are the need for bonding & an aggressive drive. Life Instinct & death instinct. |
| id | pleasure seeking human drives |
| ego | a persons conscious effort to balance innate pleasure seeking drives with the demands of society |
| superego | cultrual values and norms internalized by an individual |
| *Jean Piaget | -by watching his 3 children grow he identified the 4 stages of cognitive development; sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, formal operational |
| *sensorimotor stage (piaget) | stage of development where individuals experience wold through SENSES |
| *preoperational stage (piaget) | stage of development where individuals first use language |
| *concrete operational stage (piaget) | stage of development where individuals first see casual connections to their surroundings |
| *formal operational stage (piaget) | stage of development when individuals think abstract and critically |
| *Lawrence Kohlberg | built on Piaget's work to study moral reasoning, how individuals judge right from wrong;-built on Piaget's work to study moral development =preconventional conventional post conventional |
| *Preconventional (Kohlberg) | young children level of development where rightness is what ever feels good to me |
| *conventional (Kohlberg) | teen years define right and wrong in terms of what pleases parents and conforms to cultural norms |
| *Postconventional (Kohlberg) | people move beyond society norms to consider abstract ethical principles (eg, Liberty, freedom, Justice) |
| Carol Gilligan | Gender plays an important part in moral development |
| Hary and Margaret Harlow | Research with Monkeys-found that complete isolation for even six months eriously disturbed their development. |
| Looking glass self | C.H Cooley's term for a self-image of how we think others see us |
| Erik Eriksons | explained that we face challenges throughout the life course. He developed 8 stages of development infancy toddlerhood preschool preadolescence Adolescence Young Adulthood Middle Adulthood Old Age |
| Nature | is your genes. The physical and personality traits determined by your genes stay the same irrespective of where you were born and raised. |
| Nurture | efers to personal experiences (i.e. empiricism or behaviorism); your childhood and how you were brought up |
| *George Mead | he saw the self as the product of social experience; central to his concept is "self", "me" and "I" |
| peer group | a group who have common interests, social position and age |
| anticipatory socialization | learning that helps a person achieve a desired position |
| mass media | means for delivering impersonal communication to vast audience (tv, radio, newspaper, etc) |
| significant others | people who have special importance for socialization (example, Parents) |
| generalized others | Mead's term for widespread cultural norms and values we use as references in evaluating ourselves |
